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Chemistry Yr 9 > C2.2 > Flashcards

C2.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the appearances of metal elements

A

Shiny

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2
Q

What are the melting and boiling points of metals

A

Usually high

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3
Q

What are metal elements state at room temperature

A

Solid

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4
Q

Are metals malleable or brittle when solid

A

Malleable (means able to be bent into a shape without breaking)

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5
Q

Are metal elements ductile or non-ductile

A

Ductile (able to be bent into wires)

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6
Q

What are metal elements in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity?

A

Good conductors for both

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7
Q

What is the appearance of non-metals

A

Dull

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8
Q

What are the melting and boiling points of non-metals

A

Usually low

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9
Q

What are non-metal’s state at room temperature

A

Half are solid and half are gas

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10
Q

Are non-metals brittle or malleable when solid

A

Brittle

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11
Q

Are non-metals ductile or non-ductile

A

Non ductile (snap when pulled)

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12
Q

Are non-metals good in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity

A

No, they are poor conductors

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13
Q

What does the group number of an atom determine

A

The number of electrons in the outer shell

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14
Q

What does the period number of an atom determine

A

The amount of electrons shells that an atom has

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15
Q

What do you represent a gained electron by in a diagram

A

Either a dot or cross depending on what you labelled all the other electrons

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16
Q

When drawing ions what should your remember

A

Brackets outside the diagram and the number showing whether it is positive or negative and how many electrons it has lost or gained

17
Q

What type of ions do metals form

A

They always lost electrons to form positive ions

18
Q

What is it called when metals and non-metals form

A

An ionic bond

19
Q

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion hydroxide

A

OH superscript -

20
Q

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion sulfate

A

SO subsequent 4 superscript 2-

21
Q

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion nitrate

A

NO subsequent 3 superscript -

22
Q

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion carbonate

A

CO subsequent 3 superscript 2-

23
Q

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion ammonium

A

NH subsequent 4 superscript +

24
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

A shared pair of electrons between 2 non-metals when the atoms get close enough to share electrons in their outer shells. By sharing electrons, the atoms compete their outer shells

25
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a space-filling model

A

It does not show the size of the bonds between the nuclei and shared electrons
It does show how the electrons are shared in the molecule

26
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the ball and stick model model

A

The bonds are not actually sticks
Both the sizes of of the atoms and the length of the bonds are exaggerated
It suggests that the electrons that make the bonds do not move
It shows a 3d representation of atoms

27
Q

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the displayed formula

A

Each atom is represented by its chemical symbol
Each covalent bond is represented by a straight line
Simple molecules have shapes
It does not show the 3d shape of the molecule

28
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

The transfer of electron between a metals and non-metal

29
Q

How is a polymer made?

A

Multiple monomers join together using covalent bond to create a polymer

30
Q

What happens in a thermosoftening polymer

A

The polymer chains in this tangled web are relatively easy to separate

31
Q

What is a thermosetting polymer

A

Chains joined together by strong covalent bonds. This is called cross linking. These are strong covalent bonds whereas thermosoftening uses weak intermolecular forces

32
Q

What is metallic bonding.

A

The outer shell of electrons on a metal become delocalised and can move freely around the structure. The reason that the positive metal ions aren’t repelling from each is because they are strongly attached to the negative electrons. The atoms are packed together in a lattice arrangement but not too closely as they are all positive.

33
Q

How strong is a covalent bond

A

Very strong

34
Q

What state are simple molecules in the periodic table at room temperature

A

Gas

35
Q

Are ionic structures conductors?

A

Only when they are in a liquid state or dissolved

Chemistry Yr 9 (3 decks)

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