C2.1

Question 0

What does a nucleus contain?

Answer 0

Protons and neutrons

Question 1

What is in the middle of an atom?

Answer 1

The nucleus

Question 2

What overall charge does a nucleus have?

Answer 2

A positive charge

Question 3

What charge do protons have?

Answer 3

A positive charge

Question 4

What charge do neutrons have?

Answer 4

No charge

Question 5

Where are the electrons in an atom?

Answer 5

Around the nucleus

Question 6

What charge do electrons have?

Answer 6

A negative charge

Question 7

How big are the orbits?

Answer 7

The size of their orbits depends on how big the atom is.

Question 8

What are the electrons on around the nucleus?

Answer 8

They occupy shells (energy levels)

Question 9

How many protons are there to electrons?

Answer 9

The number of protons equals the number of electrons

Question 10

How much charge do neutral atoms have?

Answer 10

No charge

Question 11

Is the charge on the electrons the same as the charge on the protons, but opposite?

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

What does that mean?

Answer 12

The number of protons always equals the number of electrons in an atom

Question 13

Protons are…..
Neutrons are….
Electrons are….

Answer 13

Heavy and positively charged
Heavy and neutral
Tiny and negatively charged

Question 14

What do electrons occupy?

Answer 14

Shells

Question 15

What she’ll is filled first?

Answer 15

The lowest energy level she’ll

Question 16

1st shell:…
2nd shell:…
3rd shell:…

Answer 16

2 electrons
8 electrons
8 electrons

Question 17

Are all the shells always full?

Answer 17

Most atoms’ outer shell is not full. This makes the atom want to react.

Question 18

Nitrogen has 7 protons so it has… Electrons?

Answer 18

7 electrons

Question 19

What is the electronic configuration for nitrogen?

Answer 19

It has 7 electrons so the 1st shell has 2 electrons, the 2nd shell has 5 electrons. So the electronic configuration is 2.5

Question 20

Do elements consist of one type of atom? True or False.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Do each element have a different number of protons? True or False.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is an atomic number?

Answer 22

It says how many protons there are in the atom and it also tells you how many electrons there are.

Question 23

What is a mass number?

Answer 23

The total number of protons and neutrons in the atom.

Question 24

How do you find out the number of neutrons?

Answer 24

By subtracting the atomic number from the mass number.

Question 25

Explain what is meant by the term isotope?

Answer 25

Isotopes are: different atomic forms of the same element, which have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 26

Carbon-12 has…

Answer 26

6 protons
6 electrons
6 neutrons

Question 27

Carbon-14 has…

Answer 27

6 protons
6 electrons
8 neutrons

Question 28

Does relative atomic mass take isotopes into account?

Answer 28

Yes

Question 29

What is the relative atomic mass?

Answer 29

It uses the average mass of the isotopes of an element. It has to allow for the relative mass of each isotope and its relative abundance.

Question 30

What does relative abundance mean?

Answer 30

It means how much there is of each isotope compared to the total amount of the element in the world. This can ratio, a fraction, or a percentage.

Question 31

Work out the relative atomic mass of chlorine.
Relative mass of isotope: 35
Relative abundance: 3

Relative mass of isotope: 37
Relative abundance: 1

Answer 31

First multiply the mass of each isotope by its relative abundance.
Add those together.
Divide by the sum of the relative abundance.

((35x3) +(37x1)) divide by 3+1 =35.5

Question 32

In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev arranged 50+ known elements according to their properties and the properties of their compounds to make a table of elements

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Mendeleev’s table placed elements with similar chemicals groups - but he found he had to leave gaps in his table to make this work.

Answer 33

True