C2: The Periodic Table (IUPAC conventions)

Question 1

what does the period and group number tell u?

Answer 1

The number of a Period indicates the outermost filled shell of electrons for the atoms of the elements in that Period.
The elements in the same Group have a similarity in the chemical behaviour of the electrons in their outermost shell.

Question 2

describe the groups from 1-18

Answer 2

The Group 1 elements, ‘alkali metals’, have 1 outermost e.
The Group 2 elements, ‘alkaline earth metals’, have 2 outermost e .
The Group 16 elements have 6 outermost e.
The Group 17 elements, ‘halogens’, = 7 e in their outermost shell.
The Group 18 ‘noble gases’, have a full outer shell.

Question 3

what happens to the reactivity of metal and non metal groups as u go down?

Answer 3

When a metal Group (e.g 1 and 2) is descended, the elements become more reactive.
When a non-metal Group (e.g. Groups 16 and 17) is descended, the elements become less reactive.

Question 4

describe the reaction of Li w cold water

Answer 4

Lithium reacts quite slowly with cold water. It floats, but does not melt, and gradually dissolves to produce an alkaline solution of lithium hydroxide. Hydrogen gas is given off and burns with a crimson red flame when ignited.

Question 5

describe the reaction of Na w cold water

Answer 5

Sodium reacts more strongly with cold water. It moves around the surface, melts and quickly dissolves to produce an alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide. Hydrogen gas is given off and burns with a yellow-orange flame when ignited.

Question 6

describe the reaction of K w cold water

Answer 6

Potassium reacts vigorously with water. It moves rapidly on the surface and very quickly dissolves to produce an alkaline solution of potassium hydroxide. Hydrogen gas is given off and self-ignites to burn with a lilac flame.