C2-the Periodic Table

Question 1

What determines the position of an element in the periodic table?

Answer 1

The atomic proton number of an element

Question 2

What determines an atoms chemical properties?

Answer 2

The number of electrons in the outermost shell

Question 3

What does the group number in the periodic table equal

Answer 3

The number of electrons in the outermost shell

Question 4

Do atoms of metals and non metals tend to gain or loose electrons

Answer 4

Metals lose electron whereas non metals tend to gain electrons

Question 5

Why are the noble gases in group 0 un reactive?

Answer 5

Because they have very stable electron arrangements

Question 6

What are the elements in group 1 called?

Answer 6

Alkali metals

Question 7

What happens to group 1 metals as you go down the group

Answer 7

Their melting and boiling points decrease

Question 8

What do all the group one metals react with water to form?

Answer 8

Hydrogen and alkaline solution contains the metal hydroxide

Question 9

What ions do metals form in reactions to make ionic compounds?

Answer 9

1+ ions. These are generally white and dissolve in water giving colourless solutions.

Question 10

What happens to the reactivity going down group 1?

Answer 10

The reactivity increases

Question 11

What do alkalis need to be stored in?

Answer 11

Oil-stops them reacting with oxygen in the air

Question 12

What does reaction with water form?

Answer 12

Hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 13

Describe group 1 reaction with water

Answer 13

When you add lithium sodium or potassium to water the metal floats on the water moving around and fizzing. The fizzing happens because the metal reacts with the water to form hydrogen gas. Potassium reacts so vigorously with the water that the hydrogen produced ignites. It burns with a lilac flame, coloured by the potassium ions formed in the reaction. The reaction between an alkali metal and water also produces a metal hydroxide this is why they are called alkali metals. The hydroxides of the alkali metals are all soluble in water. The solution is colourless with the high ph. Universal indicator turns purple.

Question 14

The alkali metals also react vigorously with non metals such as chlorine gas. What do they produce?

Answer 14

They produce metal chlorides. Which are white solids. They dissolve readily in water to form colourless solutions

Question 15

What are group 7 elements called?

Answer 15

Halogens

Question 16

What properties do group 7 have?

Answer 16

They have low melting and biking points. Their melting and boiling points increase going down the group.

They are poor conductors of heat and electricity

Question 17

As elements the halogens all exist as molecules made up of pairs of atoms. These are called diatomic molecules. What are these atoms in each pair joined to each other by?

Answer 17

Covalent bond

Question 18

Do halogens get more or less reactive going down the group?

Answer 18

Less

Question 19

What ions do halogens form?

Answer 19

1- because they gain an electron to become stable.

Question 20

What happens in displacement for group 7?

Answer 20

A more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from a solution of one of its salts

Question 21

As you go down a group the number of shells occupied by electrons increases. By one extra electron shell per period This means that the atoms become larger going down any group.what two effects does this have?

Answer 21

Larger atoms lose electrons more easily going down a group.

Larger atoms gain electrons less easily going down a group

Question 22

What does electrostatic attract depend on?

Answer 22

The distance between the outermost electrons and the nucleus

The number of occupied inter shells of electrons which provide a shielding effect
The side of the positive charge on the nucleus

Question 23

Physical properties of transition elements.

Answer 23

They are good conductors of electricity and thermal energy
They are hard and strong
They have high densities
They have high melting points.

Question 24

Do the transition elements reacts vigorously with oxygen or water

Answer 24

No

Question 25

What can a transition element form?

Answer 25

Ions with different charges in compounds that are often coloured.

Question 26

Are transition elements and their compounds important industrial catalysts

Answer 26

Yes