C2 State and changes of state Flashcards
Solids have a set shape because the ___________ vibrate in a fixed position.
Particles
Solids have a set volume (cannot be compressed) because the particles… vibrate in a fixed position move freely are close together are spaced out
are close together
Liquids have a variable shape because the particles…
move freely
Liquids have a set volume (cannot be compressed) because the particles…
are close together
Gases have a variable shape because the particles…
move freely
Gases have a variable volume (they can be compressed) because the particles…
are spaced out
Liquids cannot be compressed because the particles… cannot move freely move freely are spaced out are closely packed
are close together
Substance X has a set shape and fixed volume so it must be a… solid liquid gas
solid
Substance Z has a variable shape and variable volume so it must be a…
gas
Substance Y has a variable shape and fixed volume so it must be a…
liquid
Gasses can be compressed because the particles…
are spaced out
Liquids take the shape of their container because the particles…
move freely
Solids have a set shape because the particles…
vibrate in a fixed position
Using the idea of particles explain why solids and liquids are difficult to compress.
The particles are already closely packed together
Using the idea of particles explain why liquids and gasses have a variable shape.
The particles can move freely
Using the idea of particles explain why gasses can be compressed.
The particles in a gas are spaced out
Using the idea of particles explain why solids have a set shape.
The particles in a solid are in a fixed position
When a solid turns into a gas, we call this… evaporation solidification condensation sublimation
sublimation
When a gas turns into a solid, we call this…
sublimation
When a gas turns into a liquid, we call this…
condensation
When a liquid turns into a gas, we call this…
evaporation
When a gas condenses to form a liquid, the particles which it contains… get larger move closer together get smaller move further apart
move closer together
Solid carbon dioxide turns into a gas without forming a liquid. This is known as…
sublimation
When a solid turns into a liquid, we call this…
melting
When a liquid turns into a solid, we call this…
solidification
The boiling point of pure water is…
100 ˚C
Explain using the idea of particles what happens when a liquid changes into a gas.
The particles gain energy and the move further apart
Explain using the idea of particles what happens when a solid changes into a liquid.
The particles gain energy and they start to move freely
Explain using the idea of particles what happens when a gas changes into a liquid.
The particles lose energy and move closer together
Explain why the volume of a gas decreases when the gas is cooled. Use these words in your answer: energy, particles.
The particles lose energy, slow down and become slightly closer together
Explain why it would be dangerous to heat a sealed glass bottle of air. Use these words in your answer: pressure, energy, particles.
The particles gain energy, get faster and the pressure increases. The bottle could explode.
Explain using the idea of particles what happens when a liquid changes into a solid.
The particles lose energy and stop moving freely
Explain why the volume of a piece of iron increases when the metal is heated.
The particles gain energy, vibrate faster in their fixed position and get slightly further apart
Room temperature is approximately…
20 ˚C
Substance V has a melting point of -16 ˚C and a boiling point of 58 ˚C so at room temperature substance V would be a… solid liquid gas
liquid
Substance W has a melting point of -175 ˚C and a boiling point of -169 ˚C so at room temperature substance W would be a…
gas
Substance Y has a melting point of 56 ˚C and a boiling point of 375 ˚C so at room temperature substance Y would be a…
solid
Substance X has a melting point of 12 ˚C and a boiling point of 134 ˚C so at room temperature substance X would be a…
liquid
Substance Z has a melting point of -265 ˚C and a boiling point of -7 ˚C so at room temperature substance Z would be a…
gas
A chemical change is… water boiling ice melting cake baking oil heating
Cake baking The others are physical processes
Which one of the following is not a chemical change? plants respiring coal burning wax melting glue hardening
wax melting is a physical process
Explain why the volume of a lump of aluminium decreases when the metal is cooled.
The particles lose energy, vibrate slower in their fixed position and move even closer together
