C2 - Salts

Question 1

What makes an acid an acid?

Answer 1

Contains H⁺ ions

Question 2

What makes an alkali an alkali?

Answer 2

Contains OH^- ions

Question 3

How do you form a salt?

Answer 3

A salt is when you replace the hydrogen in the acid with a metal (or ammonia)

Question 4

How can you tell if a salt is soluble or insoluble?

Answer 4

The state signs. (s) means it is solid, therefore insoluble. (aq) means it is dissolved, therefore soluble.

Question 5

How do you make a soluble salt?

Answer 5

You warm the acid up. Add the metal you wish to replace the hydrogen with IN EXCESS. Filter the liquid to remove the excess solid. Evaporate the liquid and crystallise.

Question 6

How do you make an insoluble salt?

Answer 6

In this reaction, the ions are reacting. Simply react the two solutions together, add in the metal and an insoluble precipitate will form. You can then filter it to get the salt. Wash the salt with distilled water and dry it out.

Question 7

Describe neutralisation.

Answer 7

Neutralisation is where the H⁺ions cancel out the OH^- ions.

H⁺ + OH^--> H₂O

acid alkali water (neutral)

Question 8

Give one use of ammonium nitrate.

Answer 8

They can be used as a fertiliser because nitrogen is found within the compound which is required for growth (needed to make amino acids, form together to make proteins, proteins = growth)

Question 9

What sort of solution is made when ammonia is dissolved in water?

Answer 9

A neutral substance - equal amount of H+ and OH- ions.