C2 Periodic Table Flashcards
Properties of group 0 elements
They are very unreactive (inert) as they don’t bond to for molecules
Boiling points increase downthe group
Group 1 properties
Reactivity increases the further down the group and melting/boiling points decrease the further down the group
What are group 7 elements (halogens)
They are non-metals that exist as molecules made up of pairs of atoms
For example fluorine is F2 and chlorine is Cl2
Why do group1 elements (alkali metals) increase in reactivity down the group
Reactivity increases the furtherdown the group as
1. The atoms increase in size
2. There are more shells sheilding the nucleus
3. The electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron is weaker
Group 7 (halogens) properties
Reactivity decreases down the group
Melting/boiling point increases down the group
Group 7 (halogens) reactivity and why
Reactivity decreases down Group 7 because as you move down the group:
• the atoms increase in size
• the outer shell is further away from the nucleus, and there are more shells
between the nucleus and the outer shell
• the electrostatic attraction from the nucleus to the outer shell is weaker so it is
harder to gain one electron to fill the outer shell.
Give the general equations for the reactions of alkali metals with oxygen, chlorine, and water.
metal + oxygen ➞ metal oxide
metal + chlorine ➞ metal chloride
metal + water ➞ metal hydroxide + hydrogen
John dalton’s periodic table
He arranged the elements in order of atomic weights
Jhon Newlands periodic table
He also arranged the known elements in order of mass but he niticed every eighth element had similar properties. He produced his ‘law of octaves’ though not all elements were found yet and some elements wern’t similar he still filled every part of it.
Mendeleev’s breakthrough
He placed the atomis in order of atomic weight and arranged themso that a periodic pattarn in the elements properties could be seen. He left gaps for elements that had yet to be discovered and predicted their properties.
What are the physical properties of the transition elements ?
They are good conductors (electricity/thermal)
They are hard and strong
They have high densities
They have high melting points
