C2 - Material Choices Flashcards
1
Q
What does crude oil mainly consist of?
A
Hydrocarbons
2
Q
How are hydrocarbons separated?
A
By fractional distillation.
3
Q
What is polymerisation?
A
An important chemical process in which small hydrocarbon molecules (called monomers) are joined together to make long molecules called polymers.
4
Q
What is the overall formula for alkanes?
A
CnH2n+2
5
Q
What is the overall formula for alkenes?
A
CnH2n
6
Q
What do plasticisers do?
A
Make a polymer softer and more flexible. It is a small molecule between the other molecules which forces the chains further apart.
7
Q
What is nanoscience?
A
The study of materials that are 1-100 nanometres in size (1 x 10-9 or 1 nm).
8
Q
What is nanotechnology?
A
The science of building things on a very tiny scale.
9
Q
What are the properties of nanoscale particles?
A
- Nanoscale electrons can move through a layer of insulating atoms
- Nanoparticles are more sensitive to light, heat and magnetism
- Nanoparticles in sunscreens and cosmetics absorb and reflect harmful ultraviolet rays in sunlight
- Nanoparticles can be added to glass to repel water and keep windows clean
