C2 - Fertilizers and Preparing Fertilizers Flashcards
What are the three main essential elements in fertilizers?
The three main essential elements in fertilizers are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, if plants do not receive enough of these three elements, life and growth processes are affected.
What is one reason why the three main essential elements for plants may be missing?
The elements may be missing from the soil if they have been used up by a previous crop.
What do fertilizers do?
Fertilizers replace these missing elements or provide more of them, this helps to increase crop yield as the crops will grow faster and bigger.
If a fertilizer adds more nitrogen to plant proteins it can make the plant grow faster.
What is required for a fertilizer to work?
The fertilizer must first dissolve in water before it can be taken in b y the crop roots.
How can Ammonia produce fertilizers?
Ammonia can be neutralized with nitric acid to get ammonia nitrate, this is a good fertilizer because it contains nitrogen from two sources, the ammonia and nitric acid.
What are some examples of other types of ammonia fertilizers?
Ammonium Sulfate = Neutralizing sulfuric acid with ammonia
Ammonium Phosphate = Neutralizing Phosphoric Acid with Ammonia
Potassium Nitrate = Neutralizing Nitric Acid with potassium hydroxide.
What is is one risk and one advantage of fertilizers?
Disadvantage - Fertilizers in large numbers can risk Eutrophication
Advantage - Fertilizers can feed more people due to increased crop yield.
Describe the process of Eutrophication,
When fertilizers are used in larger numbers they can run in rivers and streams.
Because of this nitrate and phosphate levels in river water increases.
Algae living in the river use the nutrients to multiply rapidly creating an algal bloom, This blocks off the light to the river plants below, the plants will not be able to photosynthesize and then they die. Aerobic bacteria feed on the dead plants and start to multiply, as the bacteria multiply they will use up more oxygen and most life in the river will die.
What is the titration method?
Acid + Alkali = Salt
What is yield?
Yield is the mass of product that you end up with.
What is the predicted yield?
Predicted yield of a reaction is just the amount of product that you would get if all the reactant was converted into product, however it is impossible to get over 100% yield.
