C2 - Bonding, structure, and the properties of matter Flashcards
What bonding happens between metals and non-metals
Ionic Bonding
What bonding happens between metals
Metallic Bonding
What bonding happens between non-metals
Covalently Bonding
What do ionic bonds happen between
Metals and non-metals
What do covalent bonds happen between
Non-metals
What do metallic bonds happen between
Metals
Why are oppositely charged ions attracted to each other
Electrostatic Forces
How many electrons does a group 1 atom lose or gain to become an ion
Group 1 atoms lose one electron to become an ion
What is the charge of a Group 6 atom when it becomes an ion
Group 6 atoms gain 2 electrons to become ions so they have a 2- charge
Why are Ionic Compounds brittle?
In Ionic Compounds there are cations and anions. These two oppositely charged ions attract each other
When we apply a force, the force breaks the repeating pattern of oppositely charged ions. So ions with like charges are next to each other so they repel.
Why do Ionic Compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved?
Ionic Compounds conduct electricity when dissolved because the ions are free to move and carry a charge through the substance however when an ionic compound is a solid the ions can’t move
Properties of Ionic Compounds
Hard, glassy solids
Brittle
Have a regular crystalline shape called a lattice
Usually soluble in water
High melting and boiling points
Conducts electricity when dissolved or melted but not solid
Why do Ionic Compounds have high melting and boiling points?
The ionic bonds between the ions are very strong and take lots of energy to break them
What is covalent bonding
When non-metal atoms share electrons so they can both have a full outer shell
Features of simple molecular covalent substances
Don’t conduct electricity
Small molecules
Weak intermolecular forces
Low melting and boiling points
