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physics > c2 > Flashcards

c2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is elastic behaviour

A

object returns to original shape when force causing deformation is removed

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2
Q

what is plastic behaviour

A

object does not return to original shape/size

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3
Q

what is the elastic limit

A

maximum stretch and return to its original shape

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4
Q

what does ductile mean

A

easily/permanently stretched e.g., wire

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5
Q

describe the property brittle

A

not permanently stretched, breaks soon after elastic limit

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6
Q

what is a fracture

A

material breaks due to applied force

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7
Q

describe the physical property malleable

A

hammered into shape with applied force e.g., copper, iron, gold.

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8
Q

describe tough

A

resistant to cracking when force applied e.g., steel and iron

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9
Q

what does strong mean

A

requires large force to break e.g., steel

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10
Q

describe the property stiff

A

doesnt deform much when force applied, tensile stiffness (stretch) compressive stiffness (squash) e.g., iron

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11
Q

what is creep

A

stress on material causes deformation over-time

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12
Q

what is plastic deformation

A

solid material, deforms permanently when force applied

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13
Q

what is fatigue

A

structural damage

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14
Q

describe elastic hysteresis

A

loss of energy

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15
Q

what is tensile stress

A

tensile force per unit cross-sectional area

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16
Q

what is tensile strain

A

extension in a wire per unit original length

17
Q

describing material property from force-extension graph

A

• A, B + C = hookes law up until limit of proportionality
• A + B = brittle > break rather than plastic deformation
• A steeper gradient > B = ^ stiffness
• C = plastic deformation > ductile
• any material whose graph is intially a straight line will be elastic upto the elastic limit

18
Q

what is hookes law

A

the extension produced by a force in a wire or spring is directly proportional to the force applied, upto the limit of proportionality
F = K ^ X

19
Q

what is strain energy

A

the area under a force/extension graph for an elastic material represents work done in stretching the material

20
Q

what is density

A

density of material is described as mass per unit volume of the material

21
Q

explain the stress/strain graph

A

• line A = brittle material + increase young modulus and breaking stress
• line B = strong material, not ductile
• line C = ductile material
• line D = very ductile

physics (3 decks)

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