C1a Flashcards
What is an element?
An element consists of one type of atom
What is the charge and mass for:
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Charge;
Proton +1
Neutron 0
Electron -1
Mass;
Proton 1
Neutron 1
Electron 0
What is an atom?
The smallest part of a chemical element that can exist
Why do atoms have no overall electrical charge?
The number of positive protons is the same as negative electrons. Their charges cancel each other out
What does the atomic number tell you?
The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
What does the mass number tell you
The mass number is the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus
What is a period?
A period is the rows in the Periodic Table
Why do elements in the same group of the periodic table have similar properties?
They all have the same amount of elections on the outer shell
Why are elements in Group 0 (the noble gases) very un-reactive?
Because they have full outer shells
What is an ion?
Ions are electrically charged parcels formed when atoms lose or gain electrons
What type of bonding occurs between a metal and a non-metal?
Ionic Bonding takes place, this is when the metal loses electron(s) to become positive and the non-metal gains electron(s) to become negative
What type of bonding occurs between two non-metals?
Covalent Bonding, they share electrons to get an full outer shell
What is limestone made from?
Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3 (small 3)
How do you get limestone out of the ground?
It is quarried
What is limestone used for?
To neutralise excess acidity (-which my be casuals by acid rain)
Also as a building materials
To purify iron in furnaces
What is thermal decomposition?
Chemical decomposition caused by heat
What can you use to test for Carbon Dioxide?
A lighted wooden splint goes out in a test tube of carbon dioxide
What happens to a limestone statue in acid rain?
The limestone and acid rain react causing it to fizz and carbon dioxide is released
What is:
Limestone+Heat+Clay
Cement+ Sand
Cement+Sand+ Aggregate
=cement
=tar
=concrete
Advantages of limestone quarrying
- Creates jobs
- Creates wealth
- Produces useful products
Disadvantages of limestone quarrying
- Destroys habitats
- Noise pollution
- Looks ugly
What is an ore?
An ore is a rock that contains enough metal for it to be economically extracted
What does the reactivity series show us?
The reactivity series tells us which metals (elements) can be used to extract other metals or compounds (ores)
What is electrolysis?
Electrolysis is used to extract metals above Carbon in the reactivity series using electricity
