C17&18

Question 0

Which European countries backed great trading companies?

Answer 0

France England Spain and the Netherlands

Question 1

What new economic force caused inflation in Europe in the 16th Cen.?

Answer 1

Gold and silver coming from the Americas

Question 2

What agricultural specialities developed during the 16th century?

Answer 2

Wine
Cheese
Wool

Question 3

What manufacturing specialities de eloped during the 16th Cen.?

Answer 3

Shoemaking
Pottery
Metalworking

Question 4

How did the standard of living improve among commoners in Europe?

Answer 4

The colonial market stimulated manufacturing which increased prosperity

Question 5

What factors led to limited revolts in the mid 1600s

Answer 5

There was a strong govt to out down these revolts and the witchcraft prosecutions gave protesters a scapegoat

Question 6

Why did witchcraft persecution occur on such a large scale in Europe at this time

Answer 6

It gave angry protesters a reason and distraction for their troubles

Question 7

Why was the scientific revolution so impactful in Europe

Answer 7

It improved intellectual life and made many illiterate ppl able to read

Question 8

Disproved geocentric beliefs?

Answer 8

Copernicus

Question 9

Planetary motion

Answer 9

Kepler

Question 10

Published Copernicus’ findings and added his own on gravity

Answer 10

Galileo

Question 11

Demonstrated the circular movement of blood in animals

Answer 11

Harvey

Question 12

Scientific method

Answer 12

Francis bacon

Question 13

Rene Descartes

Answer 13

Established the importance of skeptical review of all received wisdom

Question 14

Issac Newton

Answer 14

GRAVITY

Question 15

How did the increase of scientific knowledge lead to the concept of deism

Answer 15

People began to challenge religious beliefs and deism explained these findings

Question 16

What was john locked premise of human nature

Answer 16

Life liberty and property-pursuit of happiness

Humans can learn everything through senses and reason

Question 17

How did France become the model for absolute monarchy? Which king?

Answer 17

Louis XIV

Built up his power and set up bureaucracy

Question 18

How did mercantilism play a role in European economics during the 17th and 18th centuries

Answer 18

Gained colonies to market and distribute gold and silver

Question 19

How did Spain Prussia and Austria emulate the absolute monarchy in France

Answer 19

They set up bureaucracy and armies that answer to the king

Question 20

How did Britain and the Netherlands differ from the trend toward absolutism?

Answer 20

They had representatives

PARLIAMENT

Question 21

How does a nation-state differ from an empire?

Answer 21

An empire is one group controlling other groups- very diverse
A nation-state is people of the same culture

Question 22

Why did Frederick the great an others claim to be “Enlightened” despots?

Answer 22

He is sing more tolerant of other religions. He cared about lower class, NOT TOO MUCH THOUGH

Question 23

What was the focus of the seven years war

Answer 23

Trade in the colonies

Question 24

What is the enlightenment? What were its impacts?

Answer 24

Intellectual movement centered in France during the 18th Cen. Scientific advances and belief that laws could describe social behavior

Question 25

Adam smith

Answer 25

"The wealth of nations" 1776 | Principles of economic behavior

Question 26

Denis Diderot

Answer 26

Leader of the French enlightenment- ENCYCLOPEDIA

Question 27

Mary Wollstonecraft

Answer 27

Argues against males about women's political rights

Question 28

What conditions promoted a vigorous public debate about gender in the 17th century

Answer 28

The scientific revolutionary the enlightenment made people question everything they thought was correct including gender rights

Question 29

Do the new arguments about women's suggest improving conditions?

Answer 29

Yes it does because people are questioning how thy always did things and are trying to improve

Question 30

What new products did commoners begin to buy

Answer 30

Books, made cheaper from printing press

Question 31

What new innovations came about in entertainment

Answer 31

Plays, artwork more books

Question 32

Describe some of the innovations in agriculture and manufacturing

Answer 32

Change in three field system, printing press

Question 33

How does the idea of noble savage and globalization work together

Answer 33

The strong yet fierce acts of the noble savage will lead to expansion an eventually globalization

Question 34

How did early Russian Tsars attempt to legitimize their claims to rule

Answer 34

They used bloodlines to show they descended from original founders of Russia NO PROOF

Question 35

What did they mean by third Rome?

Answer 35

They were the biggest and best like the roman and Byzantine empires

Question 36

How is Tsars attempt to invoke a divine right principle to their rule?

Answer 36

They said they had a god given right to rule much like the Mandate of Heaven in china

Question 37

How did the Tsars interact with their muslim subjects

Answer 37

They let them remain muslim as long as they kept loyal

Question 38

How did Ivan the great link himself to the memory of the Byzantine empire

Answer 38

He wanted to show how powerful Russia was he married the niece of Byzantine empower to prove his claims

Question 39

What two civilizations does stearns compare Russia to

Answer 39

Rome and Byzantine

Question 40

What year was the serfdom hereditary law enacted

Answer 40

1649

Question 41

How did Ivan the terrible attempt to centralize power

Answer 41

He set up a bureaucracy

Question 42

What was the role of the Cossacks in expanding Russia

Answer 42

They moved to the newly conquered land

Question 43

How did the early Tsars view and interact with the west

Answer 43

They were interested in the west and mimicked it

Question 44

What were the first two Romanov Tsars able to accomplish?

Answer 44

Centralized power by abolishing assemblies of nobles and expanded territory

Question 45

Who were the old believers and what happened to them

Answer 45

They were dissident religious conservatives who were exiled by Romanov dynasty

Question 46

How did peter the great see the west and how did he seek to emulate them

Answer 46

E gained interest in their science and technology and copied their ideas of a strong military and navy

Question 47

What was peter the greats governing style

Answer 47

AUTOCRATIC

Question 48

In what ways did he reform the tsarist govt

Answer 48

Becomes bureaucratic but normal people had a say

Question 49

With what two major powers did Russia go to war and what was the result

Answer 49

Ottoman Empire- no real gains | Sweden- gained territory

Question 50

In what ways did peter modify the Russian military

Answer 50

They were trained so they put down local militias, secret police

Question 51

How did peter modify the Russian economy

Answer 51

He built up metallurgical and mining industries

Question 52

How did he make the Russian culture more western and respectable

Answer 52

Peter forced nobles to shave beards and wear fashionable western clothes

Question 53

Who was left out of this westernization

Answer 53

The peasants

Question 54

What was wrong with peter the third

Answer 54

He was retarded

Question 55

How did Catherine the great ride to power

Answer 55

She became leader fully after her husband peter the third was killed

Question 56

In what ways was Catherine a westernizer

Answer 56

She selected specific areas to westernize

Question 57

What was her response to the French Revolution

Answer 57

She was scared and put down any change

Question 58

What territorial expansion occurred during Catherine the greats rein

Answer 58

Expansions in Crimea Siberia and Alaska

Question 59

How did the partition of Poland draw Russia into European affairs

Answer 59

Thy fought Napoleon

Question 60

How was serfdom unique in history

Answer 60

It was legal like slavery and they were kept on the land for generations but had protection

Question 61

What were living conditions for Russian serfs

Answer 61

Presumably horrid

Question 62

What happened in pugachevs rebellion

Answer 62

He rose up against Catherine and promised an end to serfdom and taxation and constriction

Question 63

How was the rebellion suppressed

Answer 63

Catherine had him beheaded publicly