C14.1-4 Organic chemistry

Question 1

what is the functional group of alcohol

Answer 1

-O-H

Question 2

what is the name of CH4

Answer 2

methane

Question 3

pen-

Answer 3

5

Question 4

hex-

Answer 4

6

Question 5

eth-

Answer 5

2

Question 6

1

Answer 6

meth-

Question 7

prop-

Answer 7

3

Question 8

but-

Answer 8

4

Question 9

mixture of hydrocarbons in petroleum is separated into smaller groups called…

Answer 9

fraction

Question 10

each fractions contains

Answer 10

hydrocarbons with similar boiling points

Question 11

how is petroleum seperated

Answer 11

by fractional distillation due to different boiling point

Question 12

the use of refinery gas

Answer 12

for heating and cooking

Question 13

the use of gasoline

Answer 13

fuel for cars

Question 14

the use of naptha

Answer 14

making chemicals, plasics

Question 15

the use of kerosene/parrafin

Answer 15

fuel for aircraft

Question 16

the use of diesel oil

Answer 16

fuel for lorries and tractors

Question 17

the use of fuel oil 350-500C

Answer 17

fuel for power stations, ships and home heating

Question 18

list two type of reside and their use

Answer 18

lubricating oil - lubricants, waxes

bitumen - roads surfaces

Question 19

petrolium fractional distilation

Answer 19

1 refinery gas
2 gasoline
3 naphtha
4 kerosene
5 diesel
6 fuel oil
7 reside : lubricants and bitumen

Question 20

why are alkane saturated hydrocarbons

Answer 20

no more atoms can be added to their molecules

Question 21

as the carbon chains get longer, the boiling point of alkanes…

Answer 21

increases

Question 22

what is complete combustion

Answer 22

C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + H20
e.g propane + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water

forms CO2 and H2O

Question 23

what is cracking

Answer 23

thermal decomposition of alkanes

Question 24

the products of cracking

Answer 24

longer-chained alkanes forms shorted-chained alkanes and alkenes

Question 25

organic compounds containing single bonds that no more atoms can be added

Answer 25

saturated

Question 26

what is isomer

Answer 26

same molecules formula arrange differently

Question 27

conditions for cracking in industries

Answer 27

catalyst - slicon(IV) oxide + aluminium oxide

high temp - 400-500C

Question 28

test for unsaturation

Answer 28

yellow bromine water is decolorised if pour into a unsaturated compound

Question 29

test for unsaturation

Answer 29

turns aqueous bromine colourless

Question 30

bromine water when an alkane is added

Answer 30

aqueous bromine stays the same yellow

Question 31

functional group of carboxylic acids

Answer 31

-COOH

Question 32

ethanol can be manufactured from

Answer 32

1 ethene - by reacting steam and ethene at high pressure and temperature using a phosphoric and catalyst

2 glucose - fermentation