C1.1 The particle model Flashcards
Equation for the space between atoms:
Ratio of distance to diameter: distance between atoms / diameter of atoms
Properties of a solid
- regular arrangement of particles
- particles very close together
- particles vibrate about fixed positions
Properties of a liquid
- random arrangement of particles
- particles close together
- particles move around each other
Properties of a gas
- random arrangement of particles
- particles far apart
- particles move quickly in all directions
What is a chemical change?
A change that produces one or more new substances
Difficult or impossible to reverse
What is a physical change?
Happens when a substance changes state or shape, or breaks into pieces
Can be reversed
What happens to particles when a substance changes state?
its particles stay the same but their arrangement and movement changes
What happens to particles in a chemical change?
Particles break up and then join together in different ways (creates a new substance)
What does the relative distance between atoms means?
Closer together = more energy
Limitations of the particle model
- forces between particles
- size of particles
- space between particles
- movement of particles
Forces between particles
Particles are held together by ELECTROSTATIC FORCES of attraction (bonds)
