C1.1 Particle Model

Question 1

What are particles?

Answer 1

A tiny bit of matter

Question 2

What is the particle model?

Answer 2

describes how particles are arranged and how they move in a solid, liquid and gas

Question 3

Arrangement of particles in a solid

Answer 3

regular lattice arrangement

Question 4

Arrangement of particles in a liquid

Answer 4

random - free to move past each other but tend to stick together

Question 5

Arrangement of particles in a gas

Answer 5

random - free moving

Question 6

Relative distance between particles in a solid

Answer 6

very close

Question 7

Relative distance between particles in a liquid

Answer 7

close

Question 8

Relative distance between particles in a gas

Answer 8

far apart

Question 9

Main movement of particles in a solid

Answer 9

Vibrate about a fixed point

Question 10

Main movement of particles in a liquid

Answer 10

move around eachother

Question 11

Main movement of particles in a gas

Answer 11

move quickly in all directions

Question 12

What substances cannot be compressed/squashed? and why?

Answer 12

Solid and liquid because there is no space for the particles to move into

Question 13

Describe the nature of a solid? (refer to shape and fluidity) and why?

Answer 13

Has a fixed shape and cannot flow

TIB particles vibrate around a fixed point and cannot move from place to place

Question 14

What is a physical change?

Answer 14

when a substance changes state or shape, or breaks into pieces, reversible change
- example - dissolving sugar in water

Question 15

What is a chemical change?

Answer 15

a change that produces one or more new substances, irreversible change
- example - cooking (egg), steel rusting and an acid reacting with an alkali to make salt and water

Question 16

What happens to particles when a change of state occurs?

Answer 16

its particles stay the same but the arrangement and movement changes
- example - when ice cube melts to make liquid water its particles start to move around each other instead of being in fixed positions

Question 17

What happens to particles when a chemical change occurs?

Answer 17

particles break up and the join together in different ways - new substance is the product

Question 18

how big is an atom?

Answer 18

10^-10 cm

Question 19

what is the diameter of an atom?

Answer 19

6.2x10^-11

Question 20

what are the forces between particles?

Answer 20

electrostatic forces of attraction between + and - charges.
get weaker further apart particles are
strongest in solids, weakest in gases

Question 21

limitations of particle model, what does it not take into account?

Answer 21

• forces between particles
• size of particles
• space between particles

Question 22

what is diffusion?

Answer 22

movement of particles from high to low concentration

Question 23

when is IDE used?

Answer 23

if only 2 elements are present - e.g. calcium oxide

Question 24

when is ATE used?

Answer 24

if oxygen is present as a third element - e.g. instead of copper nitrogen oxygen it becomes copper nitrate

Question 25

do online balancing equation practice