C1 Topic 3 - Acids Flashcards
What do indigestion remedies do?
Indigestion remedies and tablets contain bases such as calcium carbonate, which neutralise the excess acid.
Why is hydrochloric acid required in the stomach?
The stomach produces hydrochloric acid to help with digestion. Having acid in the stomach also helps to kill bacteria which can lead to food poisoning.
Describe how to identify acids and alkalis.
Add a few drops of universal indicator. If the colour ranges from deep red to light green then it’s an acid but if the colour ranges from light blue to deep magenta then it’s an alkali.
Describe neutralisation.
React an acid a base react together to form a salt and water. The products of the reaction are neutral.
Recall which compounds can neutralise acids.
An acid and a base, such as an alkali, carbonate, oxide or hydroxide.
Recall the salts produced by different acids.
The name of the salt comes in two parts. The first part is the metal found in the base used. The second part comes from the acid used.
Sulphuric + Sodium -> Sodium + Water
acid hydroxide sulphate
Deduce products and write word and symbol equations for neutralisation reactions.
Calcium + Carbon -> Calcium + Water
hydroxide dioxide carbonate
Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) -> CaCO3(s) + H2O(aq)
Describe electrolysis.
Electrolysis is the breaking down of a compound using electrical energy. The electricity comes from a direct current source like a battery. It needs a liquid to conduct the electricity, called the electrolyte. The electricity is applied to the electrolyte by two electrodes. The components of the electrolyte are broken down and are usually released as a gas.
Describe how chlorine is made and its uses.
Electrolysis decomposes sodium chloride solution which produces sodium and chlorine.
Name some uses of chlorine.
Chlorine is used to treat water supplies, it’s used in bleach and to make poly(chloroethene).
Describe the electrolysis of water.
Water conducts the electricity so it breaks down into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. They are then released as gases.
Describe some uses of hydrogen.
Hydrogen is used to create water and in hydrochloric acid production.
