C1 The particulate nature of matter

Question 1

describe particles in solid (1)

Answer 1

particles only vibrate about fixed positions, fixed volume and shape

Question 2

describe particles in liquid (1)

Answer 2

particles can move around each other, fixed volume but can change shapes according to the container it is filled, collide often

Question 3

describe particles in gas (1)

Answer 3

particles move more freely and at random in all directions, change volume and shape freely according to the container, collide less often than in liquid

Question 4

explain what happens to the temperature during melting (1)

Answer 4

the temperature stays constant as energy is used to weaken the intermolecular forces and change the substance from solid to a liquid

Question 5

explain what happens to the temperature during boiling (1)

Answer 5

the temperature stays constant as energy is used to break the intermolecular forces and change the substance from a liquid to a gas

Question 6

describe an atom (1)

Answer 6

the smallest part of an element

Question 7

describe a molecule (1)

Answer 7

a group of atoms covalently bonded together eg O2

Question 8

describe an ion (1)

Answer 8

a charged particles eg. Na+

Question 9

describe diffusion (1)

Answer 9

the process by which different substances mix as a result of the random motions of their particles

Question 10

explain the factors that effect diffusion (2)

Answer 10

the higher the temperature the faster the rate of reaction.
the greater the molecular mass the slower the rate of reaction.