C1 the particulate nature of matter

Question 1

Solids particle separation

Answer 1

Particles are close together and touching

Question 2

Liquids particle separation

Answer 2

Particles are still touching but not as close together as solids

Question 3

Gas particles separation

Answer 3

Particles are far apart and not touching

Question 4

Conservation of mass

Answer 4

When a substance changes state, it’s mass is conserved(stays the same)

Question 5

Physical changes

Answer 5

It is reversible and can recover its old properties

Question 6

Changing state

Answer 6

When a particles gain or lose energy (because of heating or cooling) they overcome/submit to the forces of other particles

Question 7

Heating

Answer 7

Causes substance to melt or boil

Question 8

Cooling

Answer 8

Causes a substance to condense or freeze

Question 9

Melting

Answer 9

When a solid is heated to become a liquid

Question 10

Boiling

Answer 10

When a liquid is heated to its boiling point, it evaporates and becomes a gas

Question 11

Sublimation

Answer 11

The process where a solid turns straight into a gas when heated

Question 12

Condensing

Answer 12

When a gas is cooled down to its boiling point, it condenses and becomes a liquid

Question 13

Freezing

Answer 13

When a liquid is cooled to its melting point, it freezes and becomes a solid

Question 14

Solids particle arrangement

Answer 14

Regular

Question 15

Liquids particle arrangement

Answer 15

Irregular

Question 16

Gas particle arrangement

Answer 16

Random

Question 17

Forces between solid particles

Answer 17

Strong

Question 18

Forces between liquid particles

Answer 18

Less strong/weaker

Question 19

Forces between gas particles

Answer 19

Weak

Question 20

How do solid particles move

Answer 20

Particles vibrate in a fixed position

Question 21

How do liquid particles move

Answer 21

Particles move around and slide past each other

Question 22

How do gas particles move

Answer 22

Particles move freely, collide with each other and bounce away again

Question 23

What happens when you apply pressure to solid particles

Answer 23

Particles cannot move closer, so the volume does not change

Question 24

What happens when you apply pressure to liquid particles

Answer 24

Particles cannot move closer, so the volume does not change

Question 25

What happens when you apply pressure to gas particles

Answer 25

Particles can move a lot closer, so the gas can be pushed into a much smaller volume

Question 26

Diffusion

Answer 26

The net(random) movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration down a concentration gradient

Question 27

Melting (kinetic theory)

Answer 27

• Particles take in heat energy and change it to kinetic energy
• Particles get more energy and vibrate more which makes the solid expand
• At the melting point, particles vibrate so much that they break away from their positions

Question 28

Boiling (kinetic theory)

Answer 28

• When heated liquid particles get more energy and move faster, causing them to bump into each other more often, then bounce further apart which makes the liquid expand
• At the boiling point particles get enough energy to overcome the forces between them, then break away to form a gas

Question 29

Evaporation (kinetic theory)

Answer 29

• When particles in a liquid have more energy than others

Question 30

Evaporation

Answer 30

A process occurring at the surface of a liquid involving the change of state of a liquid into a vapor at a temperature below the boiling point

Question 31

Matter

Answer 31

Anything which occupied space and has a mass

Question 32

Smaller and lighter particles have a ___ rate of diffusion

Answer 32

Faster

Question 33

Larger and heavier particles have a ___ rate of diffusion

Answer 33

Slower

Question 34

As molecular mass increases, the rate of diffusion…

Answer 34

Decreases

Question 35

As molecular mass decreases, the rate of diffusion…

Answer 35

Increases

Question 36

Atom

Answer 36

All substances are made up of these particles

Question 37

Molecule

Answer 37

This is formed when two or more atoms join together they can be same or different

Question 38

Ion

Answer 38

Charged particles