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Chemistry > C1-Periodic Table+Atomic Structure > Flashcards

C1-Periodic Table+Atomic Structure Flashcards

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1
Q

Define an atom

A

What everything is made up of

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2
Q

Define an element

A

Made of ONLY ONE type of atom

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3
Q

Define compound

A

MORE than ONE type of element chemically combined that cannot be separated

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4
Q

What does the group number tell us

A

How many electrons are on the outer shell

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5
Q

What does the period number tell us?

A

How many shells there are

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6
Q

What are group 1 called

A

Alkali metals

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7
Q

What is group 7 called?

A

Halogens

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8
Q

What is group 0 (8) called?

A

Noble gasses

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9
Q

What is the trend in reactivity for group 1

A

The most reactive at the bottom

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10
Q

What is the trend in reactivity in group 7

A

Most reactive at the top

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11
Q

What charge do protons,neutrons and electrons have?

A

Positive,neutral,negative

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12
Q

Name four seperation techniques?

A

Fillteration
crystallisation
distillation
chromotography

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13
Q

Describe properties of metals

A

Ducktile(can be used as wires),sonorous(ringing sound when hit),malleable(can be shaped),lustorous (shiny)
High melting point, high density,good conductors of heat snd electricity

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14
Q

Who discovered the periodic table?

A

Dimitri mendelev

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15
Q

Facts abt periodic table

A

Mendeleev left gaps in the table for undicovered elements,metals are on the left hand side of the staircase

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16
Q

What is the radius if an atim

A

1.0x10 to the minus 8

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17
Q

What is a solvent

A

A liquid in which a solid dissolves

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18
Q

What is a soluble solute

A

A solid that dissolves in a solvent

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19
Q

Who discovered atoms what year

A

John dalton 1803

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20
Q

Who discovered electron what year

A

JJ thomson 1897

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21
Q

Who dicovered protons what year

A

Ernst rutherford 1917

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22
Q

Who discovered neutron what year

A

James chadwick 1932

23
Q

Plum pudding model

A

JJ thomson mass shared throughout pudding pudding is positive plums are negative (electrons) embeded in the pudding

24
Q

Nucleur model

A

Ernst rutherford. Dissproved plum pudding model using gold foil expirement. All mass in nucleus of an atom nucleus is positive most of an atom is empty space negative charged orbit nucles

25
Q

Nucleur model

A

Niel Bohr electrons are at fixed distance from nucleus the centre contains protons and neutrons. Model used today

26
Q

What is the small number on the periodic table

A

Atomic number (protons and electrons)

27
Q

What is the bug number on the periodic table

A

Mass number neutrons+electrons

28
Q

How many electrons can shell 1 hold

A

2

29
Q

How many electrons can the rest of the shells hold

A

8

30
Q

What is a filtrate

A

Something that has been filtered

31
Q

What is the residue

A

Whats left in the funnel

32
Q

What is a displacement reaction

A

When a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element

33
Q

What is the only metal that is liquid at room temp

A

Mercury

34
Q

What non metal is liwuid at room temp

A

Bromine

35
Q

What force holds electrons in place

A

Electrostatic attraction

36
Q

What are all metals trying to do during chemical reactions

A

Donate outer shell electrons

37
Q

What are all non metald trying to do during chemical reactiond

A

Gain outer shell electrons from metals

38
Q

What are the 3 magnetic metals

A

Iton nickel cobalt

39
Q

What is an ion

A

A charged particle (either negative or positive)
Cat ions-positive An ions-negative

40
Q

What ions do metald and non metals form

A

Non metals form negative ions bc they are gaining negative electrons. Metals form positive ions bc they are losing negative ions

41
Q

What dies inert mean

A

Unreactive

42
Q

How many sodiums do u need to react with oxygen

A

2 bc oxygen needs to gain 2 electrons but sodium only donates 1 (Na (subscript) 2 O

43
Q

Whats different abt atoms and ions

A

Atoms have the same number if protons and electrons whereas ions have different number of electrons and protons
Ions are charged
Atoms are stable
Ions are unstable
Ions are formed bc of chemical reactions

44
Q

What happens when group 1 reacts with water

A

It is flamable and corrosive stored in oil. Less dense that water bc they float and move fizzing snd bubbling flame smoke gas is produced (possibly hydrogen). Soft metals shiny when cut but dull when reacted witb ait

Tint pop made when gas produced was lit

45
Q

Why is lithium least reactive alkali metal?

A

Bc it had the least amount of shells meaning the attraction between the negative electrons and positive nucleus is stronger so the electron is harder to lose during chem reactions

46
Q

What do alkali metals do to water

A

They turn green neutral water purple

47
Q

How do you know a chemical reaction has taken place

A

A gas was produced, the colour if the water chnaged and a flame was produced

48
Q

What is an ionic bond

A

A bond between metal and non metal

49
Q

What is a covalent bond

A

Bond between non metal and non metal

50
Q

What is formed when an alkali metal is reacted with water

A

A metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas

51
Q

Describe transition metals

A

In the middle of periodic table good conductors can be user as catalysts (same properties as metals)

52
Q

What is an isotope

A

A version if an element that has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

53
Q

What is the relative mass of pen

A

P-1. N-1. E-0

Chemistry (2 decks)

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