C1 - Chemical Reactions Flashcards
State and explain the trend in reactivity down Group 1
the reactivity increases. This is because as you go down Group 1, the size of the atom increases as there are more shells. The outer electron gets further away from the nucleus and is more shielded, it is lost more easily.
State and explain the trend in reactivity in group 7.
Reactivity d own the group decreases. As you go down the group, the number of shells increases. This means that the outer shell is further from the nucleus and it is harder to attract another electron.
How do ions form?
Metal atoms lose their outer shell electrons forming positive ons. Non-metal atoms gain electrons forming negative ions. As a result metal atoms and nonmetal
atoms gain full outer shells.
What is a covalent bond?
A shared pair of electrons Non-metal atoms share their electrons.
What is an ionic bond?
The electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions. Formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal.
Why does Fe react with CuO but Cu does not react with FeO?
Because Fe is more reactive than Cu and can displace Cu from CuO. Cu is less reactive than Fe and cannot displace Fe from FeO.
What is produced when group 1 metals react with water?
Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen. For example Lithium + water lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
Balance this equation: Ca + O2 CaO
2Ca + O2 2CaO
Balance this equation: Al + O2 Al2O3
4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3
Balance this equation: Na + H2O NaOH + H2
2Na + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2
Why must all equations be balanced?
Because you cannot create or destroy atoms.
Why is the total mass of reactants always equal to the total mass of products?
Because you cannot create or destroy atoms.
If 8.4g of MgCO3 decompose on heating, what mass of MgO and what mass of CO2 will be formed?
4g of MgO and 4.4g of CO2. The formula mass of MgCO3 is 84, MgO is 48 and CO2 is 44. Therefore 8.4 is 1/10th of 84, so 1/10th of product will be formed.
