C1 Atomic Structure Glossary Flashcards
What is an aqueous solution
The mixture made by adding a soluble substance to water
What is an atom
The smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element
What is the atomic number
The number of protons (which equals the number of electrons) in an atom. It is sometimes called the proton number
What is a balanced symbol equation
A symbol equation in which there are equal numbers of each type of atom on either side of the equation
What is biofuel
Fuel made from animal or plant products
What is chromatography
The process whereby small amounts of dissolved substances are seperated by running a solvent along a material such as absorbent paper
What is a compound
A substance when two or more elements are chemically bonded together
What is an electron
A tiny particle with a negative charge. Electrons orbit the nucleus of atoms or ions in shells
What is (electronic structure)
A set of numbers to show the arrangement of electrons in their shells (or energy levels)
What is an element
A substance made up of only one type of atom. An element cannot be broken down chemically into any simpler substance
What is a group (periodic table)
All the elements in the columns (labelled 1 to 7 and 0) in the periodic table
What is an ion
A charged particle produced by the loss or gain of electrons
What is an isotope
Atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons, ie., they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers
What is the law of conservation of mass
The total mass of the products formed in a reaction is equal to the total mass of the reactants
What is the mass number
The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
