Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Chemistry > C1/Atomic Structure and Periodic Table > Flashcards

C1/Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Chemistry 101 flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

all substances are made of what?

A

atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

true or false?

an atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

atoms of each element are represented by what?

A

a chemical symbol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

approximately how many different elements are found in the periodic table?

A

100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how are compounds formed?

A

from elements in chemical reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

true or false?
chemical reactions always involve the formation of one or more new substances, and often involve a detectable energychange

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

a mixture consists of what?

A

two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a compound?

A

two or more elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

compounds can only be separated by what?

A

chemical reations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

in a mixture the chemical properties of each substance in the mixture remain what?

A

unchanged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name five ways mixtures can be separated by physical processes

A 
filtration
crystallisation
simple distillation
fractional distillation
chromotography
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

true or false?

physical processes do involve chemical reactions and new substances are made

A

false.

physical processes do not involve chemical reactions and no new substances are made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

new experimental evidence may lead to what?

A

a scientific model being changed or replaced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

before the discovery of the electron, atoms were thought to be what?

A

tiny spheres that could not be divided into anything smaller

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the discovery of the electron led to which model of atom?

A

the plum pudding model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the plum pudding model suggested that the atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons located where?

A

embedded everywhere in it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the results from the alpha particle scattering experiment led to the conclusion that the mass of an atom was concentrated at the centre (nucleus) and that the nucleus was what?

A

positively charged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the nuclear model replaced what?

A

the plum pudding model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Niels Bohr adapted the nuclear model by suggesting that electrons orbit the nucleus in what?

A

shells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

later experiments led to the idea of which particle?

A

the positively charged proton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the experimental work of James Chadwick provided the evidence to show the existence of which particles within the nucleus?

A

neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

protons have what charge?

A

positive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

neutrons have what charge?

A

neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

electrons have what charge?

A

negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

in an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of what?

A

protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the charge of an atom?

A

zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what is the atomic number?

A

the number of protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

how big are atoms?

A

they are very small

29
Q

approximately how big is the radius of an atom?

A

0.1nm (1x10-10m)

30
Q

where is the most mass of an atom?

A

in the nucleus

31
Q

the relative mass of a proton is what?

A

1

32
Q

the relative mass of a neutron is what?

A

1

33
Q

the relative mass of an electron is what?

A

very small or 0

34
Q

what is the mass number?

A

the number of protons+neutrons

35
Q

what are the atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons called?

A

isotopes

36
Q

how are the electrons arranged on each shell?

A

2:8:8

37
Q

the elements in the periodic table are arranged in order of what?

A

atomic (proton) number

38
Q

in the periodic table elements with similar properties are in columns known as what?

A

groups

39
Q

why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?

A

they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell

40
Q

before the discovery of protons, neutrons and electrons, scientists attempted to classify the elements by arranging them in order of what?

A

their atomic weights

41
Q

true or false?
the early periodic tables were incomplete and some elements were placed in inappropriate groups if the strict order of atomic weights was followed

A

true

42
Q

Mendeleev overcome some of the problems with the early periodic table, what were they?

A

he left gaps in the periodic table for elements that he thought had not been discovered
he changed the order of elements based on atomic weights

43
Q

elements with properties predicted by Mendeleev were what?

A

discovered and used to fill gaps in his periodic table

44
Q

isotopes are are atoms of the same element with a different number of which particle?

A

neutrons

45
Q

metals react to form what type of ions?

A

positive

46
Q

non-metals react to what type of ions?

A

negative

47
Q

the majority of elements are what?

A

metals

48
Q

metals are found where in the periodic table?

A

left and towards the bottom of the periodic table

49
Q

non-metals are found where in the periodic table?

A

towards the right and top of the periodic table

50
Q

the elements in group 0 of the periodic table are called what?

A

the noble gases

51
Q

the elements in group 0 are un-reactive and do not easily form molecules because their atoms have what?

A

a full outer shell of electrons

52
Q

true or false?

the boiling points of the noble gases decrease with increasing relative atomic mass (as you go down the group)

A

false.

the boiling points of the noble gases increase with increasing relative atomic mass (as you go down the group)

53
Q

the elements in group 1 of the periodic table are known as what?

A

the alkali metals

54
Q

why do group 1 elements have similar properties?

A

they have one electron in their outer shell

55
Q

true or false?

in group 1 the reactivity of the elements increase going down the group?

A

true

56
Q

the elements in group 7 of the periodic table are known as what?

A

halogens

57
Q

why do group 7 elements have similar properties?

A

they have seven electrons in their outer shell

58
Q

are the halogen metals or non-metals?

A

non-metals

59
Q

the halogens are molecules that have how many atoms?

A

they exist as pairs of atoms

60
Q

as you go down group 7 name three things that increase?

A

the mass of the element
the melting point of the element
the boiling point of the element

61
Q

true or false?

as you go down group 7 the reactivity of the elements increases

A

false.

as you go down group 7 the reactivity of the elements decreases

62
Q

a more reactive halogen can displace what?

A

a less reactive halogen from its salts

63
Q

the transition elements are found where in the periodic table?

A

the middle

64
Q

name 6 transitions metals

A

Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu

65
Q

the properties of the transition metals are different from those of the elements in which group?

A

group 1

66
Q

many transition elements often form what?

A

coloured compound

67
Q

many transition elements are often used as what?

A

catalysts

68
Q

iron is a catalyst in which process?

A

haber process

69
Q

nickle is a catalyst in which process?

A

margarine production

Chemistry (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions