C1: Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are all substances made up of ?

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

What type of thing does the periodic table contain ?

Answer 2

The periodic table contains all the known elements.

Question 3

What is the common pattern in groups ?

Answer 3

Each group has elements that have very similar chemical properties.

Question 4

How many types of atom can an element contain ?

Answer 4

One type of atom.

Question 5

How many types of atom can an compound contain ?

Answer 5

Two types of atom.

Question 6

What is in the centre of an atom ?

Answer 6

A nucleus.

Question 7

What is a nucleus surrounded by ?

Answer 7

Electrons and the quantity depends on the the element and its order in the periodic table.

Question 8

What is a molecule ?

Answer 8

A molecule is a grouping of two or more chemical atoms bonded together.

Question 9

In a chemical reaction can atoms be destroyed ?

Answer 9

No atoms can be destroyed or created.

Question 10

What is the equation that links reactants and products in a chemical reaction ?

Answer 10

mass of reactants = mass of products

Question 11

What makes an equation ‘balanced’ ?

Answer 11

There is the same number of each type of atom on each side of the balanced equation.

Question 12

What is the state symbols for solids ?

Answer 12

(s)

Question 13

What is the state symbols for liquids ?

Answer 13

(l)

Question 14

What is the state symbols for gases ?

Answer 14

(g)

Question 15

What is an aqueous solution ? (give the state symbol)

Answer 15

Substances that dissolve in water. (aq)

Question 16

Can a chemical formula be changed when balancing ?

Answer 16

No, you can never change the chemical formula by balancing the chemical equation.

Question 17

What is the law of the conservation of mass ?

Answer 17

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Mass of products formed=mass of reactants.

Question 18

What does the atomic number tell you ?

Answer 18

The amount of protons in the element

Question 19

What does the mass number tell you ?

Answer 19

The amount of protons and neutrons in the element.

Question 20

What is a mixture made up of ?

Answer 20

A mixture is made up to of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together.

Question 21

Using what physical methods can mixtures be separated ?

Answer 21

Filtration, crystallisation and simple distillation.

Question 22

Give three characteristics of compounds ?

Answer 22

• Fixed composition (ratio of elements is equal).
• Chemical reactions must be used to separate in elements.
• There are chemical bonds between the atoms of the different elements in the compound.

Question 23

Give three characteristics of mixtures ?

Answer 23

• They have no fixed composition (ration of elements is not equal).
• Can be separated into elements more easily than compounds by physical process such as filtration.
• There are no chemical bonds between atoms of the different substances.