C1: Atomic Structure Flashcards
What are all substances made up of ?
Atoms
What type of thing does the periodic table contain ?
The periodic table contains all the known elements.
What is the common pattern in groups ?
Each group has elements that have very similar chemical properties.
How many types of atom can an element contain ?
One type of atom.
How many types of atom can an compound contain ?
Two types of atom.
What is in the centre of an atom ?
A nucleus.
What is a nucleus surrounded by ?
Electrons and the quantity depends on the the element and its order in the periodic table.
What is a molecule ?
A molecule is a grouping of two or more chemical atoms bonded together.
In a chemical reaction can atoms be destroyed ?
No atoms can be destroyed or created.
What is the equation that links reactants and products in a chemical reaction ?
mass of reactants = mass of products
What makes an equation ‘balanced’ ?
There is the same number of each type of atom on each side of the balanced equation.
What is the state symbols for solids ?
(s)
What is the state symbols for liquids ?
(l)
What is the state symbols for gases ?
(g)
What is an aqueous solution ? (give the state symbol)
Substances that dissolve in water. (aq)
Can a chemical formula be changed when balancing ?
No, you can never change the chemical formula by balancing the chemical equation.
What is the law of the conservation of mass ?
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Mass of products formed=mass of reactants.
What does the atomic number tell you ?
The amount of protons in the element
What does the mass number tell you ?
The amount of protons and neutrons in the element.
What is a mixture made up of ?
A mixture is made up to of two or more substances that are not chemically bonded together.
Using what physical methods can mixtures be separated ?
Filtration, crystallisation and simple distillation.
Give three characteristics of compounds ?
- Fixed composition (ratio of elements is equal).
- Chemical reactions must be used to separate in elements.
- There are chemical bonds between the atoms of the different elements in the compound.
Give three characteristics of mixtures ?
- They have no fixed composition (ration of elements is not equal).
- Can be separated into elements more easily than compounds by physical process such as filtration.
- There are no chemical bonds between atoms of the different substances.
