C1 - Atomic structure Flashcards
The elements in a group have what in common?
Similar properties
What is a compound
2 or more elements chemically combined.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
States that no atoms are lost or gained during a chemical reaction therefore the mass of reactants mass equal mass of the products.
What is filtration?
A separating technique to separate insoluble substances in a solvent from those that are soluble in a solvent.
What is crystallisation?
Technique to separate substances of a soluble solid from a solvent
What is distilation?
Technique that separates a solvent from soluble solids dissolved in the solvent
What does miscible liquids mean?
Liquids that dissolve in each other
What liquid is collected first when using fractional distillation?
The liquid with the lowest boiling point is collected first.
What is paper chromatography used for?
Separates substances from mixtures in solutions
When and what did Dalton suggest?
In the early 1800s that atoms were tiny, hard spheres which could not be divided or split
When and what did Thomson discover
At the end of the 1800s he discovered a tiny negatively charged particle called the electron. He proposed the plum pudding model and shows negative electrons embedded in a ball of positive charge.
What did Geiger and Marsden find out that Rutherford made a model?
They fired alpha particles at a very thin piece of gold foil. There were a few that repelled which shows that there must be a tiny spot of positive charge in the centre of the atom. Rutherford constructed a nuclear model that shows electrons orbiting around the nucleus filled with positively charged particles.
What did Bohr suggest?
That the electrons are orbiting the nucleus in shells
What did Chadwick do?
He provided the evidence to show the existence of uncharged particles called neutrons in the nucleus.
What is the mass number?
Total number of particles in the nucleus of an atom
