C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative charge of a electron?
-1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a electron?
negligible (almost zero or 1/2000)
What is an element?
A substance made of only one type of atom
What is a compound?
A substance made of two or more types of atom/element
What is a mixture?
Two or more substances together but not chemically bonded
What does the relative atomic mass of an atom tell us?
The number of protons and neutrons added together
What does the atomic number of an atom tell us?
The number of protons
Why are atoms neutral in charge?
They have they same number of protons and electons
How can you separate a solid from a liquid?
Filter using filter paper and a funnel
How can you separate two liquids from each other?
Distillation - heat the liquids in a flask until the one with the lower boiling point evaporates and then use a condenser to collect in a different container.
How can you get salt crystals from salt water
Crystallisation - heat the salt water in an evaporating dish using a Bunsen burner. When the water starts to boil turn off the Bunsen burner and leave the water to evaporate
What is an isotope?
An atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons
How many electrons can the each shell hold?
1st shell = 2, 2nd, 3rd and 4th shell = 8
What was the plum pudding model of the atom?
A sphere of positive charge with negative electrons inside (like plums in a plum pudding)
What is the nuclear model of the atom?
A nucleus containing protons and neutrons and electrons in shells around the nucleus
Why was the plum pudding model replaced?
Alpha particles (2 protons and 2 neutrons) were scattered by the positive nucleus of the atom.
