C1 Atomic Structure Flashcards
Define an Atom
The smallest part of an element that can exist. An atom is a singular particle.
Define a Molecule
A molecule are 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together. They can’t be metal.
Define an element
Elements are one type of atom, they can have many of the same atoms together.
Define a Compound
A compound is more than one type of element chemically bonded together.
What are all substances made up of?
They are made up of atoms
What is the smallest part of an element that can exist?
An atom
How are compounds formed?
They are formed by elements by chemical reactions
Who was the first person to discover the existence of atoms and when?
It was Dalton in the 1800s
Who came up with the original idea of the atom?
Democritus - a Greek Philosopher
Who discovered the electron?
It was JJ. Thompson in 1897 bringing the plum pudding model
What is the alpha particle scatter experiment?
An experiment from 1908-1913 hosted by Rutherford, Marsden and Geiger who fired alpha particles at a very thin gold foil.
What were the results from the alpha particle scattering experiment?
Atoms are mainly empty space.
There is a centre of an atom must have a positive charge. (i.e. +ve alpha particles repelled)
Centre of the atom must contain a great deal of mass
The Nuclear Model was created
What did Bohr proposed?
In 1913, he proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed shells or orbitals set at fixed distances. He made his own Bohr Nuclear Model.
What did Chadwick introduce?
In 1932, he introduced the neutron after experimental work which shown the existence of neutral particles.
What is the GCSE structure of electrons?
2,8,8,2
What is the unit for Terra?
10^12
What is the unit for giga?
10^9
What is the unit for mega?
10^6
What is the unit for kilo?
10^3
What is the unit for micro?
10^-6
What is the unit for milli?
10^-3
What is the unit for nano?
10^-9
What is the unit for pico
10^-12
What is the calculation for the relative atomic mass Ar?
Ar = ((% isotope_1 x mass_isotope_1) + (% isotope_2 x mass_isotope_2)) / 100
