C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
C1 - Describe the structure of the atom referring to each of the subatomic particles.
Atoms are small particles that make up all matter.
Atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus. Electrons orbit the nucleus in shells.
A proton has a mass of 1 and a charge of +1.
A neutron has a mass of 1 and a charge of 0.
An electron has a mass of almost 0 and a charge of -1.
C1 - Describe the characteristics of the plum pudding model of the atom.
Mass is evenly distributed throughout.
Positive charge spread throughout atom.
Electrons embedded in the mass of atom.
Atom is a solid mass.
C1 - Describe the characteristics of the nuclear model of the atom.
Mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
Positive charge occupies a small part.
Electrons orbit some distance from centre.
Majority of atom is empty space.
C1 - What is an ion?
An electrically charged particle formed when atoms lose or gain electrons.
When atoms lose electrons they become positive (cations).
When atoms gain electrons they become negative (anions).
C1 - What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and electrons but different numbers of neutrons.
