C1 Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is the definition of an element?
An element is a pure substance that is made up of only one type of atom
True or False: Compounds are made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together.
True
What is the smallest unit of an element that retains the properties of that element?
An atom
What are the three main subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
What charge does a proton have?
Positive charge
Which subatomic particle has a negligible mass and a negative charge?
Electron
What is the main characteristic of noble gases?
They are inert and do not readily react with other elements.
True or False: Alkali metals are highly reactive and are found in Group 1 of the periodic table.
True
What is the difference between a mixture and a compound?
A mixture is a physical combination of substances that can be separated, while a compound is a chemical combination of substances that cannot be separated by physical means.
What is the atomic number of carbon?
6
Fill in the blank: The mass number of an atom is the sum of its ______ and ______.
protons; neutrons
Which particle determines the identity of an element?
Proton
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following elements is a halogen? A) Fluorine B) Helium C) Iron
A) Fluorine
What is the significance of the atomic mass unit (amu)?
It is a unit of mass used to express atomic and molecular weights.
True or False: The nucleus of an atom contains protons and electrons.
False
What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the first energy level of an atom?
2
Fill in the blank: The outermost electrons of an atom are called ______.
valence electrons
What is the main reason for the reactivity of alkali metals?
They have one valence electron that they readily lose to form positive ions.
What is the role of electrons in chemical bonding?
Electrons are involved in forming bonds between atoms by being shared or transferred.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a diatomic molecule? A) O2 B) H2O C) NaCl
A) O2
Fill in the blank: The nucleus of an atom contains ______ and ______.
Protons and neutrons
