C1: Atomic Structure Flashcards
How is the periodic table arranged?
In columns and groups
What are all the state symbols?
Solid: (s)
Liquid: (l)
Gas: (g)
Aqueous solutions: (aq)
What are all the state symbols?
Solid: (s)
Liquid: (l)
Gas: (g)
Aqueous solutions: (aq)
How does filtration work?
Collect an insoluble solid on filter paper.
How does crystallisation work?
Evaporation water, leaving you with crystals of a solid.
How does distillation work?
A solution is heated and boiled, which evaporates the solvent. The vapour given off goes into a condenser. It is then cooled and condensed back to a liquid.
How does paper chromatography work?
It separates mixtures of substances dissolved in a solvent as they move up chromatography paper. Different substances get separated because of their different solubilities in the solvent.
What is the evidence for electrons?
Thomson experimented on beams of particles. They were attracted to a positive charge, meaning they must be negatively charged.
What is the evidence for the nucleus?
Geiger and Marsden fired positively charged particles at gold foil. Some went straight through, some reflected and some deflected. Thus proved that the positive charged was concentrated in the centre of the atom.
What is the evidence for electron shells?
Bohr noticed that the light given out when atoms were heated only had specific amounts of energy. This led him to believe electrons orbit the nucleus at set distances.
What is the evidence for neutrons?
Scientists decided that the missing mass in atoms was neutrons
What is the relative charge of protons?
+1
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
0
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
