C1 - Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is an element?
A substance containing only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A substance containing more than one type of atom.
What is the law of conservation of mass?
The total mass of the products formed in a reaction must be equal to the total mass of the reactants.
What is the state symbol of a solid?
(s)
What is the state symbol of a liquid?
(l)
What is the state symbol of a gas?
(g)
What is the state symbol of an aqueous solution?
(aq)
What are the 4 ways to separate a mixture?
- Filtration
- Crystallisation
- Distillation
- Chromatography
What does filtration do?
Filtration seperates substances that are insoluble in a particular solvent from those that are soluble in the solvent.
What does crystallisation do?
Crystallisation seperates a soluble solid from a solvent.
What does distillation do?
Distillation seperates the solvent from a soluble mixture.
What does chromatography do?
Chromatography seperates mixtures of substances dissolved in a substance.
Who created the Plum Pudding Model?
J. J. Thomson
What is the plum pudding model?
The plum pudding model has electrons suspended in a sphere of positive charge.
What is the atomic model?
The atomic model has protons and neutrons in a nucleus surrounded by electrons in electron shells.
What was the gold foil experiment?
Geiger and Marsden shot alpha particles at a piece of gold foil. Some particles passed through while some did not.
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative charge of a neutron
0
What is the relative weight of a neutron?
1
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the relative charge of an electron?
1/2,000 (negligible)
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in an element.
What is the mass number of an element?
The number of protons and neutrons in an element.
What is an ion?
An atom that has either gained or lost electrons.
