C1 Air Quality-CGP Flashcards
When the earth cooled..
The earth formed a thin crust
Millions of years ago the earths surface was…
Molten and any atmosphere boiled away
Volcanoes gave out lots of gases, including
Carbon Dioxide
Water Vapour
Nitrogen
The oceans formed when…
Water vapour condensed
When there was lots of CO2 in the atmosphere…
Green plants evolved and produced Oxygen by photosynthesis
When plants died the buried under… … ….
And some co2 got locked ⬆ which over years turned into…
Layers of rock
Fossil fuels
When there was more oxygen the atmosphere killed of some organisms but allowed more more
Complex organisms to evolve
The atmosphere is made ⬆ of four main gasses which are
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 21%
Argon and other 1%
A pollutant is a chemical that’s harmful because it’s
In the wrong place
Particulates are
Tiny particles in the air
Human activity is adding
Pollutants to the air
The 5 main pollutants are
Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Particulates Sulfer dioxide Nitrogen oxides
The 3 main ways in which we are adding pollutants to the atmosphere are
Burning fuels
Power stations
Vehicles
Natural ways pollute the earth like…
Volcanoes
Pollutants affect us directly and indirectly, for example
Directly- death like from breathing difficulties
Indirectly- environment, acid rain kills fish that we eat
Atoms joined together are called
Molecules
Most fossil fuels have just 2 atoms that are
Hydrogen
Carbon
These also known as HYDROCARBONES
Fossil fuels are formed from
Dead plants and animals
We get fuel from … which is drilled out of the earth.
Crude Oil
Unlike many other fossil fuels, coal is made ⬆ of
Carbon + impurities
No hydrogen
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Ok
Why are fossil fuels burnt?
Release energy
What are the 2 main purposes of fossil fuels
Power stations and vehicles
When fossil fuels burn with carbon in it produces lots of
Pollutants containing carbon stuff obvioustly
1 way Carbon dioxide is made is when fossil fuels burn with lots of
Oxygen
Complete combustion
Carbon monoxide is made when fossil fuels bunt without much
Oxygen
Incomplete combustion
Carbon basses pollutants are
Carbon
- monoxide (1 oxygen atom)
- dioxide (2 oxygen atoms)
- particles (little bits of it)
The “””””””” of carbon dioxide looks like
O-C-O
CO2
What’s more harmful to us?
Carbon monoxide
Carbon Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Cause headaches, drowsiness and even kill
Carbon particles
a) Make by ______
b) Also called ______
c) Makes stuff ______
a) Carbon burning incompletely
b) Soot
c) Dirty
Where does sulfur one from
In fossil fuels
Only small amounts of it though
Sulfur dioxide is a pollutant because it causes
Acid rain
Its the the only way it can go
Why is acid rain bad?
4/2
Makes water acidic killing fish
Damages statues
Kills animals
Kills trees
Nitrogen turns to a form of nitrogen monoxide when it reacts with… in ….Then after it reacts with more oxygen to form….
Oxygen
Hot enough places/car engines
Nitrogen Dioxide
Nitrogen Monoxide and Nitrogen Dioxide are jointly referred to as?
NO - NO2
Nitrogen oxides
NOx
What does nitrogen dioxide become?
Acid rain/dilute nitric acid
Similarly to sulfur dioxide
The simplistic way to reduce pollution is
To use less electricity
Filtering natural gas and fuel oil can reduce the amount of
Sulfur
When coal is burnt you can reduce the amount of …. And …. By ….
Which involve running an …. Down a flue chimne.
Sulfur dioxide
Particulates
Wet scrubbing
Alkali
If everybody used public transport less
Pollutants would be made
Biofuels give out…….CO*2…. taken in by plants that make the fuel itself.
The same amount of co2 as they take in
They are carbon neutral
Electric cars give out… Emissions
No, however they are produced elsewhere
