C1 - Abnormal Behavior

Question 1

Psychological Disorder

Answer 1

a psychological dysfunction with an individual associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that it not typical or culturally expected

Question 2

Phobia

Answer 2

A psychological disorder characterized by marked and persistent fear of an object or situation

Question 3

Abnormal behavior

Answer 3

Psychological dysfunction within an individual that is associated with distress or impairment in functioning and a response that is not typical or culturally expected

Question 4

Psychopathology

Answer 4

Is the scientific study of psychological disorders

Question 5

Scientist-practitioners

Answer 5

Mental health professionals who take a scientific approach to their clinical work

Question 6

Presenting problem

Answer 6

When a person “presents” with a specific problem or set of problems

Question 7

Clinical description

Answer 7

The unique combination of behaviors, thoughts, and feelings that make up a specific disorder

Question 8

Prevalence

Answer 8

How many people in the population as a whole have the disorder.

Question 9

Incidence

Answer 9

How many new cases occur during a given period

Question 10

Prognosis

Answer 10

The anticipated course of a disorder

Question 11

Etiology

Answer 11

The study of origins, or why a disorder begins.

Question 12

Exorcism

Answer 12

Various religious rituals were performed in an effort to rid the victim of evil spirits

Question 13

Psychosocial treatment

Answer 13

Approaches to the causation of psychopathology, which focus not only on psychological factors but also on social and cultural ones.

Question 14

Moral therapy

Answer 14

Psychosocial approach to mental disorders

Question 15

Mental hygiene movement

Answer 15

Dorothea Dix campaign to reform the treatment of insanity

Question 16

Psychoanalysis

Answer 16

(Based on sigmund Freud’s) Elaborate theory of the structure of the mine and the role of the unconscious process in determining behavior.

Question 17

Unconscious

Answer 17

Material memory that is beyond the awareness of a patient

Question 18

Psychoanalytic model

Answer 18

The most comprehensive theory yet constructed on the development and structure of our personalities

Question 19

Ego

Answer 19

The part of our mind that ensures that we act realistically - and acts according to the reality principle rather than the pleasure principle.

Question 20

Superego

Answer 20

What we might call conscience, represent the moral principles instilled in us by our parents and our culture.

Question 21

Intrapsychic conflicts

Answer 21

Conflicts within the mind

Question 22

Defense mechanisms

Answer 22

Unconscious protective process to keep primitive emotions associated with conflicts in check so that the ego can continue its coordinating function

Question 23

Psychosexual stages of development

Answer 23

Freuds theory that during infancy and early childhood we pass through a number of stages that have profound and lasting impact.

Question 24

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 24

The unconditional acceptance of most of the clients feeling and actions

Question 25

Behavioral Model or Cognitive Behavioral Model (CBT, Social learning model)

Answer 25

Systematic development of a more scientific approach to psychological aspects of psychopathology

Question 26

Classical conditioning

Answer 26

Type of learning where a neutral stimulus is associated with a response until it elicits that response

Question 27

Extinction

Answer 27

Learning that a conditioned response no longer signals a delay reduction to the reinforcer.

Question 28

Systematic desensitization

Answer 28

Gradual introduction to the objects or situations people fear in order to extinguish it

Question 29

Behavior therapy

Answer 29

Basically the practice of systematic desensitization

Question 30

Reinforcement

Answer 30

Basically: rewarding a behavior where the reward increases the chances of the behavior

Question 31

Shaping

Answer 31

A process of reinforcing successive approximations to a final behavior