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Chemistry GCSE OCR > C1 > Flashcards

C1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the forces of attraction like and what is it’s arrangement in a solid

A

There are strong forces of attraction, holding them in fixed positions and a very regular lattice arrangement

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2
Q

How do solids move and why?

A

They don’t move, they keep a definite shape and volume unlike liquids

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3
Q

What do atoms in solids do?

A

They vibrate about their position

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4
Q

What happens when you heat a solid?

A

It vibrates more, as it get more energy, and can expand slightly, eventually it will melt

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5
Q

What is the force of attraction like in liquids?

A

there is some, not very strong, they can move past each other but tend to stick together

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6
Q

Do liquids keep shape and volume?

A

no to shape but yes to volume

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7
Q

How do liquids move?

A

They constantly move in a random motion

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8
Q

What happens when you heat and cool a liquid?

A

When you heat, it will get faster and expand slightly, eventually it could evaporate and become a gas. If you cool, it will freeze and become solid

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9
Q

What is the force of attraction movement like in a gas?

A

no force of attraction, they freely move in straight lines and collide

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10
Q

Do gases keep a shape of volume?

A

no they will always fill the container

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11
Q

What happens when gas particles bounce of the walls of a container?

A

they exert a pressure

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12
Q

How regular are gas particles movement?

A

irregular, they move constantly in a random motion

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13
Q

what happens when you heat a gas

A

atoms move faster and they either expand or their pressure increases

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14
Q

What happens when you cool a gas

A

it will condense and become a liquid

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15
Q

What is wrong with the particle theory model?

A

in reality, the particles aren’t solid and they aren’t spheres - they’re atoms, ions, molecules. It doesn’t give you an idea about the size of the particle or the space between them. There are no forces between particles

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16
Q

What is a physical change?

A

When a substance changes from one state to another, no new substances are made, they are reversible

17
Q

What are chemical changes?

A

During a chemical reaction, bonds between atoms break and change places, so they rearrange to form different chemicals called the products

18
Q

Who was John Dalton?

A

He described atoms as solid spheres, and different spheres made different chemicals

19
Q

Who was J J Thompson?

A

He concluded that there were even smaller negatively charged particles called electrons in the plum pudding model. This has a positive mass dotted with negative electrons

20
Q

Describe the Rutherford experiment and what happened

A

they fired positively charged alpha particles at a gold sheet, some of the of the particles deflected

21
Q

What was the conclusion from the gold foil experiment

A

that there was a positive nucleus in the centre of electrons and there was space between them

22
Q

Who was Niels Bohr?

A

He suggested that electrons were fixed in shells, and had a fixed energy

23
Q

Why do scientists share ideas?

A

So other scientists can develop and test and improve theories

24
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles, their relative mass and charge

A

Proton (1 & +1), Neutron (1 & 0), electron (0.0005 & -1)

25
Q

what is the radius of a nucleus

A

between 10 -15 and 10 -14

26
Q

what is the radius of an atom

A

about 10 -10

27
Q

What are molecules

A

they are a substance made of 2 or more atoms either the same or different elements

28
Q

What is a nanoparticle

A

are bigger than simple molecules and typically made of around 100 atoms and range from 1 to 100nm in size

29
Q

what are the mass and atomic numbers

A

mass no. - total number of protons and neutrons

atomic no. - number of protons and electrons

30
Q

How do you find the amount of neutrons

A

mass - atomic number

31
Q

Ions form when they gain or lose ____?

A

electrons

32
Q

What are isotopes

A

atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of electrons

Chemistry GCSE OCR (1 decks)

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