C1

Question 1

Atoms are_____

Answer 1

the smallest piece of an element that can exist

all substances are made of atoms.

Question 2

What do atoms contain?

Answer 2

Protons, neutrons and electrons

Question 3

Particle Relative mass Charge

and where its found in the atom

Answer 3

Proton in nucleus
Mass= 1
Charge= +1

Neutron in nucleus
Mass= 1
Charge= 0

Electron in shells
Mass= very small(0)
Charge= -1

Question 4

Atoms radius and nucleus size

Answer 4

Radius= 0.1 nm
Nucleus= 1/10000 radius

Question 5

Number of protons=

Answer 5

=number of protons

Question 6

What does an elements mass number equal?

What does an elements atomic number equal?

Answer 6

Mass number= protons + neutrons

Atomic number= protons

Question 7

Elements are_____

Answer 7

a substance made up of the same type of atoms, shown on the periodic table

Question 8

Isotopes are_____

Answer 8

different types of the same element

same no.protons different no.neutrons

Question 9

Isotope example (H)

Answer 9

1H 2H 3H
1 1 1
Protium Deuterium Tritium

Question 10

Protium Deuterium Tritium for_____

Answer 10

Protium for plastics
Deuterium for nuclear fusion
Tritium for thermonuclear fusion weapons

Question 11

Relative atomic mass (Ar) is_____

Answer 11

the average mass of all the isotopes of an element

Question 12

Relative atomic mass formula

Answer 12

sum of(isotope abundance x isotope mass number/

sum of abundances of all the isotopes

Question 13

Example: Ar of chlorine
Isotope abundances:
75% 35Cl
25% 37Cl

Answer 13

Ar= (0.75 x 35) / (0.25 x 37)

= 35.5

Question 14

Compounds are_____

Answer 14

A chemical bonding of atoms from at least 2 different elements

Question 15

Ionic compounds naming… for 2/3

Answer 15

metal + (first syllable of non-metal)+ide

metal + (first syllable of non-metal)+ate

Question 16

Key features of a chemical reaction

Answer 16

• compounds broken up or formed
• at least 1 new substances created
• measurable energy change
• no atoms created or destroyed

Question 17

Chemical equations order

Answer 17

Reactants ——– products

Question 18

Mixtures are_____
Example
Separated by

Answer 18

made of two or more substances that aren't chemically combined
Air
-heating
-cooling
-filtering

Question 19

Separation techniques

Answer 19

• Crystallisation
• filtration
• chromatography
• simple distillation
• fractional distillation

Question 20

The model of the atom changes over time

Answer 20

1) Dalton model- atoms are indivisible spheres
2) Thomson’s plum pudding model- electrons
3) Rutherford’s nuclear model- nucleus
4) Bohr’s modern model- electrons orbit nucleus
5) James Chadwick- neutrons

Question 21

Electronic structure configuration

Answer 21

2, 8, 8

Question 22

The closer the shell is to the nucleus___

Answer 22

the lower its energy

Question 23

The periodic table history

Answer 23

Newland’s table- ordered by mass

Mendeleev’s table- added gaps for undiscovered elements

Modern table- filled gaps and ranked by atomic number (protons)

Question 24

Group 0

Answer 24

Noble gases

• stable
• unreactive as they have full outer shell
• B.P increases as you go down

Question 25

Group 7

Answer 25

Halogens

• 7 outer electrons
• gain 1 electron when reacting
• Less reactive as you go down the group

Question 26

Group 1

Answer 26

Alkali metals
Lithium
-least reactive
-burns red flame when in O2

Sodium

• more reactive then lithium
• burns yellow/orange flame when in O2

Potassium

• most reactive
• burns purple when in O2

Question 27

Chemical bonds

Answer 27

Ionic
-metals and non 
Covalent
-two non-metals
Metallic
-positively charged ions and negatively charged delocalised electrons