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Question 1

What subatomic particles are in the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 1

Protons and neutrons

Question 2

What charge do protons have?

Answer 2

Positive, +1

Question 3

What charge do neutrons have?

Answer 3

Neutral, 0

Question 4

What charge do electrons have?

Answer 4

Negative, -1

Question 5

What is the mass number of an element?

Answer 5

Top number, Number of protons + neutrons

Question 6

What is the atomic number of an element?

Answer 6

Bottom number, Number of protons (which is equal to the number of electrons)

Question 7

What happens to an atom if electrons are added/removed?

Answer 7

It becomes an ion and becomes charged (atoms have no charge)

Question 8

What is the link between group number in the periodic table with the shells of an element?

Answer 8

The group number is the same as the number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 9

How many electrons fit in each shell?

Answer 9

2 in the 1st shell, 8 in the 2nd shell, 8 in the 3rd shell

Question 10

If the mass number of fluorine is 19 and the atomic number is 9, how many electrons will be in each shell

Answer 10

2,7

Question 11

What is limestone?

Answer 11

A type of sedimentary rock that has been formed over millions of years

Question 12

What type of bond is it if a compound of two non-metals is formed?

Answer 12

Covalent bond

Question 13

What type of bond is it if a compound of a non metal and a metal is formed?

Answer 13

Ionic bond

Question 14

What type of bond is it if a compound of 2 metals is formed?

Answer 14

Metallic bond

Question 15

What scientific name does limestone have?

Answer 15

Calcium Carbonate?

Question 16

What is the work equation for when limestone is thermally decomposed?

Answer 16

Calcium Carbonate –> Calcium Oxide + Carbon Dioxide

Question 17

Why is limestone a good building material?

Answer 17

It lasts for a very long time, it dries very quickly and almost instantly goes solid. It can be carved into different shapes and is less expensive than other building materials (e.g.granite)

Question 18

Advantages of quarrying limestone:

Answer 18

Provides houses and roads
Provides jobs
Brings money to local economy

Question 19

Disadvantages of quarrying limestone:

Answer 19

Causes pollution
Makes a mess of the countryside
Destroys habitats

Question 20

Give 2 ways that metal can be extracted from their ore

Answer 20

In a chemical reaction, reduction using carbon (depending on its place in the Reactivity Series)
Electrolysis (if the element is above Carbon in the Reactivity Series)

Question 21

Why are metals extracted from their ores?

Answer 21

Money, if no money is made then it won’t be done and if it is expensive it won’t be done

Question 22

Which metal extraction method is more expensive and why?

Answer 22

Electrolysis is more expensive as it uses much more energy than reduction

Question 23

Give 2 advantages of metal extraction

Answer 23

Makes useful products such as knives etc..

Creates jobs and provides money for local economies

Question 24

Give 2 disadvantages of metal extraction

Answer 24

Terrible for the environment with noise pollution
Loss of habitats
Dangerously deep mine shafts

Question 25

What is bioleaching?

Answer 25

Separates copper from copper sulphide using bacteria. The bacteria gets energy from the bond between copper and sulphur, they then separate the copper from the ore during this. Bacteria produce a (leachate) solution that contains copper

Question 26

What is phytomyning?

Answer 26

Plants are grown in soil that contains copper. Plants can’t get rid of it so it eventually builds up on the leaves which are then harvested, dried and burned in a furnace

Question 27

What is an ore?

Answer 27

A metal ore is a rock which contains enough of a certain metal to make it worthwhile extracting