C1 Flashcards
What does the particle model describe?
The particle model describes the behavior and properties of matter in terms of particles.
True or False: The particle model suggests that all matter is made up of tiny particles.
True
Fill in the blank: According to the particle model, particles are in constant __________.
motion
What are the three states of matter described by the particle model?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
In which state of matter do particles vibrate in fixed positions?
Solid
In which state of matter do particles have more energy and move freely?
Gas
What determines the state of matter according to the particle model?
The energy of the particles and the forces between them.
True or False: In a liquid, particles are packed closely together but can slide past each other.
True
What happens to particles when a substance is heated?
They gain energy and move faster.
What happens to particles when a substance is cooled?
They lose energy and move slower.
Fill in the blank: The particle model helps to explain __________ changes in matter.
physical
What is the effect of temperature on the movement of particles?
Higher temperatures increase particle movement, while lower temperatures decrease it.
Define ‘kinetic energy’ in the context of the particle model.
Kinetic energy refers to the energy that particles possess due to their motion.
True or False: Gases have a definite shape and volume.
False
What is the primary reason that gases can expand to fill a container?
Particles in gases are far apart and move freely.
What is the term for the attractive forces between particles?
Intermolecular forces
How do intermolecular forces affect the state of matter?
Stronger intermolecular forces typically result in solids or liquids, while weaker forces are associated with gases.
What is diffusion in the context of the particle model?
Diffusion is the process by which particles spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.
Fill in the blank: The particle model can explain __________ phenomena such as boiling and melting.
thermal
What is a characteristic feature of solids according to the particle model?
Solids have a fixed shape and volume.
How are particles arranged in a solid?
Particles are closely packed in a fixed, orderly arrangement.
In terms of particle arrangement, how do liquids differ from solids?
Liquids have particles that are closely packed but not in fixed positions, allowing them to flow.
What is an example of a gas expanding?
A balloon inflating when filled with air.
True or False: The particle model can be applied to both crystalline and amorphous solids.
True
