C1 Flashcards
What are the three subatomic particles of an atom?
protons,neutrons,electrons
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?
Groups
What are the characteristics of Group 1 metals (Alkali metals)?
They are soft, reactive with water, and have low melting points.
What happens as you move down Group 7?
The reactivity decreases, and the boiling and melting points increase.
Why are noble gases unreactive?
They have a full outer shell of electrons, making them stable.
What are the properties of Group 7 elements?
They are non-metals, have seven electrons in their outer shell, and are reactive, especially with alkali metals.
What are the general properties of transition metals?
Transition metals are good conductors of heat and electricity, have high melting points, and often form colored compounds.
How does the reactivity of alkali metals change as you go down the group?
The reactivity increases as you go down Group 1, because the outer electron is further from the nucleus and easier to lose.
How did Mendeleev arrange the elements in the periodic table?
Mendeleev arranged elements by atomic mass, leaving gaps for undiscovered elements and predicting their properties.
whats the relative charge and mass of a proton
1
relative charge and mass of a neutron
charge =-1 mass=0
whats the atomic number
the number of protons in an atom
whats the mass number
number of protons and neutrons in an atom
how were atoms first thought to be structured
solid spheres,daltons model
what did the alpha particle scattering experiment show?
atoms have a small dense positively charged nucleus
who proposed the nuclear model of the atom
ernest rutherford
how are electrons arranged in atoms
in energy levels (shells) around the nucleus
how are elements arranged in the modern periodic table
in order of increasing atomic number
what do elements in the same group have in common
the same number of electrons in their outer shell
what are the properties of noble gases
inert,low reactivity,full outer shells,low bp that increase down the group
what happens in a displacment reaction between halogens
a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive one from a compound
what are transition metals
metals found in the centre of the periodic table they form coloured compunds and have variable oxidation states
why are metals on the left and non metals on the right of the peirodic table
metals loose electrons to form positive ions non metal gain electrons to form negative ions
