C1 Flashcards
Suggest what must happen to methane and oxygen particles so that they can make particles of carbon dioxide and water.
Methane and oxygen undergo a chemical change, so their particles must break apart from their fixed positions to bond together differently to create the new products, carbon dioxide and water.
Describe how the arrangement of particles change during changes of state, using ice melting to water as an example.
Changes of state are physical changes, meaning oarticles will change their movements and arrangements. In ice melting, particles will vibrate more in their fixed positions until enough energy is transferred to allow them to break free of those positions and move around each other. They become arranged irregularly instead of regularly.
Give three limitations of the particle model.
- The forces between particles
- The size of particles
- The space between particles
What is the approximate radius of an atom?
3 x 10 to the power of -10
Describe the movement of gas particles.
They move quickly,in all directions, with a random arrangement.
Define an isotope.
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons, but the same numbers of protons and electrons.
What is hydrogen-2?
An isotope.
Define the term mass number.
The total number of an element’s protons and neutrons.
Define the term atomic number.
The number of protons in an element’s nucleus.
Define the term ion.
Ions are charged particles formed when an element gains or loses electrons. If electrons are lost, then it becomes a positive cation, and if electrons are gained, then it becomes a negative anion.
What is the relative mass of an electron?
0.0005
