C1 Flashcards
What is the charge of a proton?
+1 (positive)
What makes up the nucleus of an atom?
Protons and neutrons
What sub-atomic particle determines what element an atom is?
Proton
What sub-atomic particles have the relative mass of 1?
Proton and neutron
What sub-atomic partial has no charge?
Neutron
What do you call an atom with a positive or negative charge?
An ion
What charge does an electron have?
-1 (negative)
What is the path an electron orbits in?
A shell
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons
What is a mass number?
The protons and neutrons added together
What is an molecule?
2 or more atoms chemically bonded together
If a chemical formula has a 2 written in subscript it is an…
Molecule
What is a compound?
A compound is two or more substances chemically bonded together
What does insoluble mean?
Unable to dissolve in a particular solvent.
What does soluble mean?
A substance that can’t dissolve in a certain liquid
What is a solvent?
A substance in witch a soluble solution has dissolved in.
What does filtration separate?
Separate an insoluble solid from a liquid
What is filtrate?
The liquid left in the beaker.
What is residue?
The soluble solid left in the filtration paper
What is simple distillation used to separate?
A solvent from a solution
How does distillation separate substances?
By their different boiling points
What is fractional distillation used to separate?
Different liquids from a mixture of liquids
How many electrons can you put into the 1st 2nd 3rd and 4th energy shells?
2,8,8,18
Why do elements in the same group have similar properties?
Because they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell
What do we call group 1?
The alkilian metals
What do we call group 7?
Halogens
What do we call group 0?
The noble gases
What happens when metals react?
They perform positive ions
How do you know if something is a transition metal?
They can form more than one ion
What is a catalyst?
Substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being used themselves?
What are some of the properties of metals?
- Metallic bonds
- Shiny
- Conductors of heat and electricity
What are some of the properties of non-metals?
- Dull in colour
- Low melting and boiling point
- Britain
What are the properties of alkaline metals (group 1)?
- Soft
- Low melting point
- More relative as they go down
