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MSK > c spine tests > Flashcards

c spine tests Flashcards

1
Q

what is Spurling’s compression test used for?

A

testing for cervical radiculopathy

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2
Q

how do you perform Spurling’s?

A

have pt flex their head to the side of the referred pain. if this causes sxs, stop and mark this as positive. if no sxs at this point, apply a combined compression force with side flexion force in direction of their side flexion. if radicular pain presents this is positive

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3
Q

what is the Valsalva maneuver test used for?

A

cervical radiculopathy

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4
Q

what is the brachial plexus compression test used for?

A

cervical radiculopathy

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5
Q

what is the cervical hyperflexion test used for?

A

cervical radiculopathy

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6
Q

how is the cervical hyperflexion test performed?

A

pt is seated. pt performes active neck flexion to either the point of pain or their end-range. positive sign is radicular sxs

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7
Q

what is the cervical distraction test used for?

A

cervical radiculopathy

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8
Q

what is a positive sign with the cervical distraction test?

A

a reduction of sxs

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9
Q

how do you perform the ULTT for cervical radiculopathy?

A

assess sxs after every step. pt is supine, depress their shoulder girdle, have them abduct to 110 degrees. supinate forearm and extend wrist and fingers, add ulnar deviation. add in elbow extension. can add in lateral neck flexion away from arm. a positive sign is reproduction of sxs at any point

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10
Q

what nerve is the ULTT for cervical radiculopathy testing?

A

median

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11
Q

What is Wainner’s CPR for cervical radiculopathy?

A

<60 degrees rotation, + Spurling’s, + distraction test, + ULTT

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12
Q

what is the modified sharp purser test used for?

A

cervical instability

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13
Q

how do you perform the modified sharp purser test?

A

pt is sitting, slightly flex their head, stabilize C2. apply a posterior force on the pt’s forehead.

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14
Q

what is a positive test for the modified sharp purser test?

A

reproduction of myelopathic sxs during flexion, decrease in sxs during the AP force, or excess displacement during the AP force

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15
Q

what is the alar ligament stability test used for?

A

cervical isntability

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16
Q

how is the alar ligament stability test performed?

A

pt neck is slightly flexed. stabilize the C2 spinous process. passively initiate flexion or rotation while trying to feel the movement of c2

17
Q

how is the alar ligament stability test performed?

A

pt neck is slightly flexed. stabilize the C2 spinous process. passively apply flexion or rotation. the examiner is feeling for movement of C2. a positive test is failure to feel C2 moving

18
Q

what is the tectorial membrane test used for?

A

cervical instability

19
Q

what is the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane test used for?

A

cervical isntability

20
Q

how is the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane test performed?

A

examiner uses one hand to pull downward on the lateral aspects of C1, the other hand pulls upward on the occiput.

21
Q

what is a positive test for the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane test?

A

excessive motion during the traction

22
Q

what is a positive test for the tectorial membrane test?

A

excessive translation b/t the occiput and C1 and C2

23
Q

how is the vertebral basilar insufficiency test performed?

A

a sufficient hx is performed. then the examiner applies end range cervical rotation on the pt (sitting or supine), hold for 10 sec and assess sxs. head is returned to neutral, held for 10 sec then rotated towards the other side, held for 10 sec and assess sxs.

24
Q

what is a positive test for the VBI test?

A

any sxs such as dizziness, diplopia, dysphasia, dysarthria, drop attacks, nausea, and nystagmus

25
Q

what is Wallenberg’s position testing for?

A

VBI

26
Q

how is Wallenberg’s position performed?

A

pt is sitting, head is actively rotated to one side and extension is added. position is held for 30 seconds. if no sxs, repeat on opposite side.

27
Q

what is a positive sign for the Wallernberg’s position?

A

sxs such as dizziness, diplopia, dysphasia, dysarthria, drop attacks, nausea, and nystagmus

28
Q

what is the cervical flexion rotation test used for?

A

cervicogenic headaches?

29
Q

how is the cervical-flexion rotation test performed?

A

pt is supine, pt actively flexes neck into end range, then the examiner applies full rotational force to both sides.

30
Q

what is a positive sign for the cervical-flexion rotation test?

A

sxs of pain or a loss of 10 degrees of greater of ROM.

31
Q

how much ROM should a pt have during the cervical-flexion rotation test? What if they have cervicogenic headaches?

A

~45 degrees. ~20 degrees if symptomatic

32
Q

what is C0-1, C1-2, C2-3 joint mobility assessment used for?

A

cervicogenic headaches?

33
Q

how is the C0-1, C1-2, C2-3 joint mobility assessment performed?

A

pt is prone, neck in neutral. examiner applies downward force on the C1 TP (right and left), the C2-3 facet (right and left), and the C2-3 facet with the head rotated towards the targeted side

34
Q

what is a positive sign for the C0-1, C1-2, C2-3 joint mobility assessment?

A

sxs of pain or hypomobility

35
Q

what is the test to identify neck pain from asymptomatic conditions?

A

manual examination of rotation

36
Q

how is the manual examination of rotation test performed?

A

the examiner places fingers around neck and jaw and palpates c0, c2, and c7 with fingers which passively rotation left and right.

37
Q

what is a positive sign for the manual examination of rotation?

A

hyper/hypomobility and/or hard or empty end feel

38
Q

what is the canadian c-spine rules?

A

positive finding for any of these requires radiograph
1. pt is not cognitively intact or has neuro sxs
2. pt is >65
3. pt is fearful of moving head
4. pt involved in distraction-based injury
5. pt has midline pain

MSK (3 decks)

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