C Spine Examination Flashcards
On a thyroid exam, describe how the following would feel: a. Goiters b. Graves disease C. hashimoto D. Thyroiditis
a. simle or multinodular
b. soft
c. firm
d. tender
Cervical nerve root exits above or below the numbered vertebra?
Above
What muscle would you test for the motor function of the following nerve roots: A. C1 B. C2-C4 C. C5 D. C6 E. C7 F. C8 G. T1
C1 = resisted rotation ROM C2-C4 = Scapular elevation C5 = Should abduction (deltoid) C6 = Elbow flexion (biceps); wrist extension C7 = Elbow extension (tricesp); wrist flexion C8 = Finger flexion T1 = Finger abduction
For the following match the dermatomes: A. Lesser occipital, greater auricular, and cervical cutaneous B. Superior shoulder/lateral neck C. Lateral upper arm (over deltoid) D. lateral forearm E. Middle finger F. RIght/little finger, medial wrist and forearm G. Medial elbow and upper arm
A. C1-C4 B. C4 C. C5 D. C6 E. C7 F. C8 G. T1
In testing for deep tendon reflexes, what nerve root are you testing for the following:
A. Biceps
B. Brachioradialis
C. Triceps
A. C5
B. C6
C. C7
Compression and spurling maneuver is performed to test for _
Central neuropathy, nerve entrapment by musculoskeletal or myofascial tissue
What is compression neuropathy?
Nerve entrapment by msk or mf tissue that produces paresthesia in the area of the distribution of the nerve and creates sensory dysfunction/pain and decrease muscle strength.
How do you perform Spurling’s maneuver?
Tested with axial force in neutral, then extension, then SB/rotation towards. Positive Test: reproduction of pain
What does the Roos or EAST Test test?
Compression of subclavian A.
How do you perform Roos test?
abduct shoulder to 90 and externally roate with elbow flex to 90 and open and cose fist for 3 mins
What does Adson test test for?
Neurovascular bundle compression by tight scalene muscles or 1st rib.
How do you perfrom Adson test and what is positive?
Locate radial pulse and abducts and extend and exterally rotates the shoulder. Extend head to the affected side, if pain is reproduced then it’s 1st rib etioogy
Then the pt head is extendedand rotated away from affected side, if pain is reproduced then it’s a tight scalene muscle
What does Wright’s Hyperadbduction test for?
neurovascular bundle compression by pec minor
How do you perfro Wright’s hyperabduction and what is positive test?
Locate radial pusle and have pt abduct pt arm above shoulder with some extension. + = loss or chage in puse, and exacerbation of ain/parestheisa
What does costoclavicular test test for?
Tests for NV bundle compression by clavicle and rib 1.
How does you perfrom costoclavicular test?
pt seated with doc behind. contact the ipsilateral wrist at the radial pulse, extend the shoulder, with elbow extended and wrist supinated and apply caudal pressure on the shoulder + = decrease in reaidal pulse = thoracic outlet syndrome due to decrease space between rib 1 and clavicle
What is brudzinki’s sign?
Flexion in both hips and knees with nuchal regidiity test.
What does nuchal ridigity test for?
Inflammation in subarachnoid space.. ie. meningitis or subrachonid hemorrhage.
How do you perform nuchal rigidity test?
Pt supine, place hands behind pat’s head an flex neck forward until chin touches chest. Normally neck supple and easily bends. + = marked neck stiffness/resistance to flexion found in 57-92% cases of acute bacterial meningitis, and 21-86% of fsubarachnoid heorhage.
what is Jefferson fracture?
C 1 burst fracture (axial compression injury)
What is dens fracture?
C2 odontoid fracture at junction of process and body
What is hangmans’ fracture?
Hyperextension, bilateral arch fracture, unstable
What is Clay shoveler’s fracture?
Spinous process fracture at C6-C7. Hyperextension or avulsion force from muscle contraction.
