C++ General Flashcards
What are the 6 types of Operations in c++?
- Definition
- Arithmetic
- Assignment
- Logical
- Relational
- bitwise
- Miscellaneous
What are the 8 Punctuators in C++ ?
- // (Double Slash)
- # (Pound Sign)
- < > (Open/Close Brackets)
- ( ) (Open/Close Parenthesis)
- { } (Open/Close Brace)
- ” “ (Open/Close Quotation Marks)
- ; (Semicolon)
- : (Colon)
Explain the Double Slash ( // )
The double slash means the beginning of a comment
// Coding is Challenging
- (The compiler will ignore anything after the double slash)
Explain Open/Close Brackets ( < > )
Include<…>
Encloses File name in #Include
Explain the Pound Sign ( # )
Include
The pound sign ( # ) means the beginning of a preprocessor directive
- Directs the preprocessor to include the file called “Iostream” during the compilling process
- “Iostream” is also known as the header file
What are the parts of a C++ Program
- Comment
- Preprocessor Directive
- Which Namespace to use
- Begin a Function (main) with open/closed brace
- Output Statement
- Send 0, to operating system
Explain “Comment”
- Comment uses “//” (Slashes)
- Marks the beginning of a comment
- The compiler ignores everything from the Slashes to the end of the line
Explain Preprocessor directive
Explain cout
cout displays output on the computer screen
What is the sytax of “cout”
- Example
- Declare cout (Declare you want to display output)
- Use two open brackets << to send the output
- Use parenthesis and write what you want to send betweem them
- Separate more than one item with more brackets
- Use a semicolon to mark the end of the statement
- cout << “Coding is stressful” ;
Explain “endl”
endl starts a new line of output
What is the syntax of “endl”
- Begin with two open braces
- Write it before the end of the output code
- Punctuate with a semicolon to mark the end of the statement
cout << “Coding is stressfull” << endl;
return 0;
Explain “/n”
The escape sequence “/n” starts a new line of output
What is the syntax of /n
- Declare the escape sequence within the end of the output string
cout << “Coding is stressfull /n” ;
return 0;
Define Variables
A variable is a named storage location in the computer’s memory for holding a piece of data.
Define “literals”
Literals are the constant values that are assigned to variables
What is the syntax of a “integer variable”?
- Create a variable definition
int apples;
- Create a variable assignment
apples = 12;
*3.* Display the variable
cout << “We sold” << apples << “Apples” << endl;
return 0;
* “We sold 12 Apples”
What is the syntax of a “character variable”?
- Create a variable definition
char letter;
- Create a variable assignment enclosed in single quotations
letter = ‘c’ ;
- Display the character variable
cout << “The answer is letter” << letter << ‘/n’ ;
return 0;
* The answer is letter c
What is the syntax of a “character string”
Include
- Create a string header file
- Define string type variables
string firstname, last name;
- Assign string type variables
firstname = Cristian;
lastname = Colin;
- Display the character variable *scroll down*
cout << “My first name is” << firstname << endl;
return 0;
Explain cin
cin is used to read input from the keyboard
- Whole numbers, Fractional, letters
What is the syntax of cin
- Create a integer variable for the input and output
- Display a prompt using cout asking for an input value
- use cinn >> variable;
- Create an equation for the output
- Display output with cout << the output is << output << endl;
return 0;
entering multiple values with cin
entering
Writing operations for power functions
pow (s, 2) ;
- Raises “s” to the second power
How do you write multiple assignments?
x = y = z = 5
- The assignment operator associates from right to left
Formatting output
- Requires Iomanip header file
- control size, number of digits, position, of output
-
setw(x)
- prints variable output in a field at least x spaces wide
cout << set(6) << number1 << set(6) << number2 << set 6 << number3 << endl;
return 0;
