C&D - Topic 6 - Ethnicity and Crime Flashcards
Institutional Racism Statistics
- Black individuals make up 3.1% of the population
- Made up 14.2% of stop and searches
- 8.9% end up in immediate custody
- 74% of prisons are white and 15% are afro-caribbean
Perspective Reasoning
Neo Marxists
Left Realists
Right Realists
Neo Marxists - Police target afro-caribbean’s
Left Realists - Relative Deprivation and Marginalisation
Right Realists - Culture and biosocial
Black Crime Statistics
- Arrests for blacks 3.6x the rate for whites
- Sentences more likely to be given to blacks
- Stop and Search - Black people 7x more likely to be stopped
Phillips and Bowling (2007)
Many officers hold negative stereotypes
Left Realism - Lea and Young
Statistics ARE accurate and young black men DO commit more offences
Tony Sewell 4 black stereotypes reactions
- Rebellion
- Innovation
- Retreatism
- Conformity
Right Realists - Parmar (2013)
Lack of male role models in Black families leads to violent crime
Pitts (2008)
Blames male black culture
Gangsta rap
Arnott
Ultra Thug Ghetto Superstar
Left Realist Evaluation Points
- No individual responsibility
- No evidence for cause and effect
Right Realist Evaluation
- Blaming single parents is reductionist
- Blame culture leads to marginalisation
- Statistics are social constructs
Neo Marxism - Snider
Snider - White collar crimes are ignored
Hall (NM)
Selective Policing - Police look for specific crimes
Paul Gilroy study
- White people see themselves as dominant
- Black individuals seen as less educated
- Status frustration with ethnicity
Criticisms of Neo Marxism
More black victims of crime
