C++ Basics

Question 1

What is

int a = 5;

called

Answer 1

Copy assignment

Question 2

Default initialization

Answer 2

int x;

Not advised as in most cases, leaves variable with indeterminate value

Question 3

Copy initialization

Answer 3

int x = 5;

Not advised as doesn’t do any validation

Question 4

Direct initialization

Answer 4

int x (5);

Not advised as doesn’t do any validation

Question 5

Direct list initialization

Answer 5

int x {5};

Preferred as disallows narrowing conversions

Question 6

Copy list initialization

Answer 6

int x = {5};

Preferred as disallows narrowing conversions

Question 7

Value initialization

Answer 7

int x{};

Usually performs zero initialisation

Question 8

What is preferred assignment or initialisation and why?

Answer 8

initialisation is preferred because it means variables won’t have indeterminate values if we access them before assignment which could result in undefined behaviour

Question 9

std::endl

Answer 9

outputs a newline character and flushes any pending output to the console

Question 10

‘\n’

Answer 10

outputs a newline character and lets system decide when to flush pending output to the console