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Anatomy and Physiology > C A R D I O V A S C U L A R S Y S T E M 💘 > Flashcards

C A R D I O V A S C U L A R S Y S T E M 💘 Flashcards

All about the insides and out of our inner pump, the heart.

1
Q

What is the main function of the cardiovascular system?

A

Transport nutrients and oxygen to cells

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2
Q

Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?

A

Left ventricle

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3
Q

Why would low hemoglobin levels cause fatigue?

A

Hemoglobin carries oxygen, and low levels reduce oxygen delivery to tissues.

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4
Q

A patient has high blood pressure. Name one lifestyle change to help manage it.

A

Reduce salt intake, exercise, manage stress, or lose weight.

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5
Q

Explain why the left ventricle has thicker walls than the right ventricle.

A

The left ventricle pumps blood to the entire body, requiring more force.

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6
Q

What might happen if the SA node stops functioning properly?

A

Irregular heartbeats or the need for a pacemaker.

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7
Q

How does regular exercise benefit the cardiovascular system?

A

Improves heart efficiency, reduces blood pressure, and increases circulation.

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8
Q

What could cause an increase in heart rate during rest?

A

Stress, fever, anemia, hyperthyroidism, or dehydration.

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9
Q

How do beta blockers affect the heart?

A

They reduce heart rate and blood pressure by blocking adrenaline.

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10
Q

What role do capillaries play in the cardiovascular system?

A

They facilitate the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

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11
Q

Why might a person with atherosclerosis experience chest pain?

A

Narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the heart muscle, causing ischemia.

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12
Q

Pulse pressure is always a constant value in healthy individuals.

A

NAWP

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13
Q

If systolic pressure increases but diastolic pressure remains constant, pulse pressure will increase.

A

YEAH

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14
Q

A patient’s systolic pressure is 160 mmHg, and their diastolic pressure is 100 mmHg. Is this patient in hypertensive crisis?

A

Yes, this meets the criteria for hypertensive crisis (>180/120 mmHg), and immediate medical attention is needed.

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15
Q

Calculate the blood pressure classification for 135/85 mmHg using the American Heart Association guidelines:

A

Stage 1 Hypertension

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16
Q

A patient has a blood pressure of 130/85 mmHg. If their heart rate is 80 bpm, what is their pulse pressure, and what does it indicate about their cardiovascular health?

A

Pulse pressure: 130 - 85 = 45 mmHg

Interpretation: A normal pulse pressure indicates good arterial elasticity.

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17
Q

Calculate the blood pressure classification for 135/85 mmHg using the American Heart Association guidelines:

A

Stage 1 Hypertension

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18
Q

A patient’s systolic pressure is 160 mmHg, and their diastolic pressure is 100 mmHg. Is this patient in hypertensive crisis?

A

Yes, this meets the criteria for hypertensive crisis (>180/120 mmHg), and immediate medical attention is needed.

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19
Q

Explain how narrowing of blood vessels (vasoconstriction) affects systolic and diastolic pressures.

A

Vasoconstriction increases resistance in blood vessels, leading to higher systolic and diastolic pressures.

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20
Q

Identify the test: Measures the electrical activity of the heart.

A

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)

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21
Q

Identify the condition: Blockage of blood flow to the brain.

A

Stroke

22
Q

Identify the protein: Helps blood clot.

A

Fibrin

23
Q

Identify the condition: Chronic high blood pressure.

A

Hypertension

24
Q

Identify the vessel: Carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery

25
Q

A patient has a blockage in a coronary artery. What condition might this lead to?

A

Myocardial infarction (heart attack).

26
Q

Search for an image of a heart and study where these parts are:

Aorta
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Pulmonary artery
Mitral valve

A

I hope you identified well; Andreas Vesalius is watching! ;)

27
Q

What is the significance of the P wave in an ECG?

A

represents atrial depolarization.

28
Q

Name the main types of blood vessels.

A

Arteries, veins, and capillaries.

29
Q

What is diastolic blood pressure?

A

pressure in arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

30
Q

What is systolic blood pressure?

A

pressure in arteries during heart contractions.

31
Q

What is the primary role of the cardiovascular system?

A

deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and remove waste products.

32
Q

MATCHING TYPE [Match the letters?!]
A. Red blood cells
B. White blood cells
C. Platelets
D. Plasma
E. Hemoglobin

  1. Transports oxygen
  2. Fights infection
  3. Clots blood
  4. Fluid medium
  5. Carries oxygen
A

Transports oxygen (E)
Fights infection (B)
Clots blood (C)
Fluid medium (D)
Carries oxygen (A)

33
Q

The amount of blood ejected by the heart in one minute is called

A

Cardiac output

34
Q

The liquid portion of blood is called

A

Plasma

35
Q

The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle is the

A

Mitral (or bicuspid) valve

36
Q

The lower chambers of the heart are called

A

Ventricles

37
Q

The upper chambers of the heart are called

A

Atria

38
Q

Blood pressure is the force of blood against vessel walls.

A

YEAH

39
Q

The coronary arteries supply blood to the lungs.

A

NAWP

40
Q

The left side of the heart deals with oxygenated blood.

A

YEAH

41
Q

Arteries always carry oxygen-rich blood.

A

NAWP

42
Q

The heart is located in the thoracic cavity.

A

YEAH

43
Q

What is the typical normal resting heart rate for an adult?

A

60-100 bpm

44
Q

The “lub-dub” sound of the heart is caused by:

A

Closing of the heart valves

45
Q

What type of blood vessel allows exchange of oxygen and nutrients with tissues?

A

Capillaries

46
Q

Which blood vessels have the thickest walls?

A

Arteries

47
Q

The sinoatrial (SA) node is also known as:

A

The heart’s pacemaker

48
Q

What is the main component of blood that carries oxygen?

A

Hemoglobin in red blood cells

49
Q

Blood returning to the heart from the body enters which chamber first?

A

Right atrium

50
Q

What is the largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

51
Q

Diastolic pressure occurs when the ventricles are relaxed.

A

YEAH

Anatomy and Physiology (1 decks)

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