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Global > Byzantine & Islam > Flashcards

Byzantine & Islam Flashcards

0
Q

Why is Constantinople a good location?

A

Located on Bosporus straight

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1
Q

Why did the east side (Byzantine) survive the fall of Rome? (7 reasons)

A
  • surrounded by water
  • protective walls around city
  • not located near very many invasive tribes
  • educated officials run govt
  • taxes
  • strong army
  • located in Bosporus straight
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2
Q

What is beneficial about being located on Bosporus straight?

A

They could control trade. Constantinople became a very busy center for trade

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3
Q

How did Byzantine carry on traditions of Rome? (3 ways)

A

1) architecture (soaring dome)
2) religion (monotheistic)
3) art & entertainment (gladiator games)

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4
Q

How was Byzantine unique?

A

More complex architecture (hagia sophia)

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5
Q

Roman Catholic~ west (5 points)

A
  • Latin & Roman alphabet
  • pope authority over all other bishops, kings, and emperors
  • priests cannot marry
  • divorce not allowed
  • Roman alphabet
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6
Q

Eastern Orthodox~ east (6 concepts)

A
  • Greek/local languages
  • patriarch of Constantinople & bishops rule together
  • emperor authority over all religious figures
  • priests can marry
  • divorce allowed
  • Cyrillic alphabet
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7
Q

Who was Justinian?

A

Emperor–

  • crowned around 525 BC
  • ruled with wife Theodora
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8
Q

What were some of Justinian’s achievements? (3 things)

A
  • supported Hagia Sophia
  • expansion
  • reformed laws
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9
Q

Why would Justinian want to preserve roman law? (3 points)

A
  • legit rule
  • wants fame
  • laws can help unification
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10
Q

How did Byzantines view Justinian?

A

He was a bad person but good ruler

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11
Q

What was Arabia like before Islam existed? (7 points)

A
  • warfare common
  • clan based society
  • people called bedouins
  • dry land&scarce resources
  • polytheistic
  • merchant based society
  • went to Mecca for trade
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12
Q

Mecca (2 points)

A
  • fighting stopped, peaceful mixing

- ka’aba

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13
Q

5 pillars

A
  1. Declaration of faith-monotheistic
  2. Pray 5x a day- face Mecca
  3. Give alms to poor- 2.5% of income
  4. Fasting during Ramadan- no eating/ drinking from sunrise to sunset
  5. The Hajj- pilgrimage to Mecca
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14
Q

Basic briefs of Islam (6 points)

A
  • holy book: Qur’an
  • monotheistic
  • afterlife/ judgement day
  • pray in a mosque
  • no priests
  • jihad~holy war WITHIN YOURSELF
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15
Q

Why was it difficult for Islam to develop? (4 ideas)

A
  • hard to unite diff clans
  • constant warfare
  • people already had polytheistic religion
  • Muhammad faced opposition at first
16
Q

How is Islam similar to other religions we have studied? (3 ways)

A
  • monotheistic
  • prophet
  • headscarves
17
Q

Why did Islam initially spread along coast? (4)

A
  • allows Muslims to avoid desert
  • want to spread where other legit societies exist
  • merchant society– already on coast
  • along coast means 3 continents
18
Q

What practices/ methods wee used to spread Islam? (5)

A
  • concept of paradise
  • promotes equality
  • tolerance towards other religions
  • won land & took advantage of desert
  • Byzantine and Persia eventually become weak
19
Q

How did Hajj promote development of Islam? (3)

A
  • Muslims more loyal & faithful
  • Muslims unified
  • non-Muslims curious
20
Q

What dynasties ruled during golden age?

A

1) Umayyad dynasty

2) Abbasid dynasty (more golden)

21
Q

How did Muslim cities support learning? (4)

A
  • physicians practice medicine
  • math&astron learn more
  • translate works from Greece, India, Persia to Arabic
  • establish libraries
22
Q

Baghdad

A

City of learning. Site of Muslim Renaissance

23
Q

Christian v. Muslim art (3)

A
  • Christian art more realistic
  • Christian houses of worship less ornate
  • Muslims used geometric designs (arabesque) and calligraphy
24
Q

What new business practices did Muslims develop?

A
  • partnerships
  • buy/sell using credit
  • formed banks
  • invented checks
  • quality standard
25
Q

Why did Muslims split into two sects?

A

Disagreements about who should rule after Muhammad

26
Q

Sunni

A

Qualified rulers can lead

27
Q

Shiite

A

Descendants only can lead

Global (2 decks)

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