BWS Torture List Flashcards
What are the steps for tactical flight mission planning?
Mission (analyze) Map and photo recon Modes of flight selection Routes (primary and alternate) Determine TDS Fuel required for mission Weather briefing Risk assessment Crew briefing (MMMRDFWRC)
What are the hazards to terrain flight?
Meterological (winds, sun/moon, turbulence, visibility)
Physical (natural vs. man-made)
Human (attitude and physical conditioning)
What are the 6 types of wires?
- Power
- Guy
- Commo
- Booby traps
- Fences
- Tow
What is the definition of dynamic rollover?
A helicopter’s susceptibility to a lateral-rolling tendency, occurs when three conditions are present: Pivot point, Rolling motion, and exceeding the critical angle of rollover.
What are the 7 critical factors that reduce the critical angle?
- Main rotor thrust
- Tail rotor thrust
- Center of gravity
- Sloped landing area
- Ground surface
- Low fuel conditions
- Crosswind component
(MTCSGLC)
What is the maximum slope limit?
8 Degrees. Caution should be used on slopes above 5 degrees due to Rigging, Loading, Terrain, and wind (RLTW).
What are the 5 factors that influence dynamic rollover?
- Right skid acting as a pivot point
- Right asymmetrical loading
- Left crosswinds
- Left pedal inputs
- High roll rates
What are the human factors for dynamic rollover?
Failure to make timely corrective actions Loss of visual reference Inattention Inexperience Inappropriate control inputs (FLIII)
What are the IIMC steps per the ATM?
Announce IIMC Attitude Heading (announce) Torque (announce) Airspeed (announce) Trim Transponder (AAHTATT)
What are the IIMC steps per the SOP?
Climb to 3500’ MSL
Contact Cairns ARAC
If unable to reach Cairns, climb to 5000’ and contact Atlanta or Jacksonville center
Give ID, A/C type, IIMC and intentions
Give position, heading, altitude, POB, and FOB in hours and minutes
What are the 3 callouts for IIMC?
- Heading
- Airspeed
- Torque
(HAT)
What is the definition of Visual Search/ Aerial Observation?
A systematic visual coverage of a given area so that all parts of the area are observed. Purpose is to detect objects or activities on the ground.
What are the standards of Aerial Observation?
Detect Identify Locate Report (DILR)
What are the factors that affect Aerial Observation?
Weather Altitude Airspeed Terrain Cues Human Factors (WAATCH)
What are the cues to Aerial Observation?
Movement Color Light Obvious Sightings Smoke and Dust Shadows and Shapes Trails Texture Heat (MCLOSSTTH)
What are the techniques to Aerial Observation?
Motive
Stationary
How do you perform the 2 techniques of Aerial Observation?
Motive - 10 Knots or greater, conducted during terrain flight altitudes. A sector scan consisting of the observational side of the helicopter (non-observational is what you cannot see). The observational side is made up of the Acquisition and Recognition sectors.
Stationary - Conducted at NOE altitudes from a hover when in cover and concealment. Done in 50 meter increments outward from the helicopter.
What are the 4 means of detection by the enemy?
- Visual
- Optical
- Thermal
- Electronic
(VOTE)
What is the format of a SPOT report?
Size Activity Location Uniform Time Equipment (SALUTE) Aviation uses SALT-W, with the "W" standing for "What you are doing about it."
Elements of Wind Recognition?
Ground cues
Aircraft cues
Forecasted vs. Observed
(GAF)
What are the Fundamentals of Recon?
Gain and maintain enemy contact Orient on the recon objective Report rapidly and accurately Retain freedom of maneuver Develop the situation rapidly Do not keep recon forces in reserve Ensure continuous recon (GORRDDE)
What are the steps for Actions on Contact?
Deploy to cover
Maintain enemy contact
Develop the situation
Choose a course of action
What are the Courses of Action for Actions on Contact?
Hasty attack
Hasty screen/defense
Bypass
Target handover
What are the steps for Target Handover?
Alert and target description Target Location Method of attack Execution Post attack/engagement actions
What are the minimum elements for a target handover?
Description Direction Distance (3 Ds) or Target Azimuth Range (TAR)
What are the 3 Movement Techniques?
Traveling
Traveling Overwatch
Bounding Overwatch
(TTB)
What are the elements of Holding Area Reconnaissance?
Cover and concealment Obstacles Key terrain Avenues of approach and departure Security (COKAS)
What are the tactical elements of an LZ/PZ reconnaissance?
Mission
Security
Location
(MSL)
What are the technical characteristics of an LZ/PZ reconnaissance?
Landing formation Obstacles Number and type of aircraft Ground slope Loads Approach and departure direction Size of LZ/PZ Surface condition Vulnerability (LONGLASSV)
What are the meteorological characteristics of an LZ/PZ reconnaissance?
Visibility
Density altitude
Winds
Ceiling
What is the maximum slope for LZ/PZ reconnaissance?
15 degrees (Limit for UH-60)
What is the definition of Route Reconnaissance?
The purpose of Route Reconnaissance is to obtain detailed information about a specific route and all adjacent terrain where enemy or friendly could influence movement along the route. The recon may be oriented on a road, axis, air route, or general direction of advance.
What are the minimum elements needed to conduct a Route Reconnaissance?
Start point Release point Designation of the route Mission start times and duration Size and composition of friendly force utilizing the route (SRDMS)
What are the factors of Road Reconnaissance?
Surface type Width Drainage Surface condition Grades and curves Drive-off capability Concealment (SWDSGDC)
What are the elements of Aerial Route Reconnaissance?
Hazards
Ease of navigation
Location of enemy
Possible PZ/LZ
What are the bridge, tunnel, or underpass classifications?
Construction type and condition (steel, concrete, wood, or brick) Length and Width Clearance Location Bypass Condition (CLCLB)
What are the different types of Bypass?
Bypass easy (5-ton vehicle can cross in immediate vicinity without work to improve bypass) Bypass difficult (Obstacle can be crossed in immediate vicinity, but some work is required to repair bypass) Bypass impossible (Bypass can only be crossed by repairing existing structure, or creating or establishing a new structure)
What are the different road types and what do they mean?
X - All Weather
Y - Limited All Weather
Z - Fair Weather
What are the military load classifications?
50 - Average Traffic Route
80 - Heavy Traffic Route
120 - Very Heavy Traffic Route
What does X/2/80 mean?
All Weather/ 2 Lane/ Heavy Traffic Route
What is Cross Country Segment Reconnaissance?
Ground route reconnaissance of critical terrain (ditches, ravines, holes, etc.) and slowing traffic conditions (snow, soft sand, wet ground).
What are the limits for a grade or a curve to be considered an obstruction?
Grades 7%
Curves - 25 meter or less radius
What are the Aerial Route Reconnaissance Hazards?
Enemy ADA
Overwater
Mountainous terrain
What are the elements for a Call-for-fire?
6 elements in 3 transmissions
Observer ID
WARNO
Target Location
Target Description
Method of Engagement
Method of Fire and Control
What are the Aerial Reconnaissance Operations?
Zone Area Route Aerial Surveillance (ZARAS)
What are the Aerial Security Operations?
5 Forms Screen Guard Cover Area Local
2 Techniques
Attached
Detached
2 Types
Convoy
Route
What are the elements for selecting a Combat Position?
COKAS
What are the actions for a small arms or tank fire?
Immediately turn away from fire toward an area of concealment. If unavailable, make sharp turns of unequal magnitude and intervals as well as small changes in altitude until beyond effective range of hostile weapons.
What are the actions for anti-tank guided missiles?
If unable to mask, orient on the missile. As it is about to impact, rapidly change flight path or altitude to evade.
What are the actions for a heat-seeking missile?
Employ aircraft survivability equipment (CMOS/Flares). Turn the tail of the helicopter away from the missile and mask the helicopter.
What is the minimum weather required for training?
700'-1 Day 1000'-3 Night Max Wind - 30 knots Max Gust Spread - 15 knots Recovery Weather 600'-2 or 500'-3 to return to Shell AAF
What is the minimum altitude and distance for wire over-flight?
50’ above within 100 meters (low-level/terrain flight)
25’ above within 100 meters (NOE flight)
What is the minimum altitude and distance to overfly an NOE box?
200’ AHO within 1 km of active NOE routes/boxes
What is the minimum distance to clear towers?
500 meters. Remain clear of guy wires.
What are the minimum and maximum distance between ACPs?
5-20 km
What is the minimum and maximum distance for RPs/SPs from the RT or departure point?
3-8 km
When should you decide to conduct a Go-Around?
When a safe landing is in doubt. Initiate prior to going below ETL or descending below obstacles if possible.
When should HOT MIKE procedures be used?
NOE, Contour below 50’ AHO, and Slope Operations
What are the factors for choosing the landing and takeoff directions?
Tactical situation Long axis Obstacles Wind (TLOW)
What are the 5 steps to Risk Assessment?
- Identify the Hazard
- Assess the Hazard
- Develop Controls/Make Decisions
- Implement Controls
- Supervise and Evaluate
What are the abort criteria for slopes?
Cyclic limits Aircraft limits Mast Bumping Personal Limits Sliding
What is Safe Pedal Margin?
When using the hover chart to get hover torque, if the point where you intersect the weight is to the left of the 35 knot line you select “yes” on the PPC. If it is to the right you select “no” and write the extrapolated wind velocity on the PPC.
How often must the ALSE inspection be completed?
Every 180 days or the expiration of any item in the vest.
Where is the tourniquet located on the vest?
Upper left chest area, should be pre-rigged.
What is BINGO fuel?
The amount of fuel to depart the location and make it to the fuel area and not enter your reserve.
What is the clearance requirement for wire underflight?
Hover height plus 20’
What is the PC’s responsibility for weight and balance?
- Proper forms on board
2. Aircraft remains within limits throughout duration of flight. Re-compute if necessary.
How do you preflight the CSEL radio?
Read card attached to CSEL
How do you plan your altitude for a low-level flight?
Find the highest obstacle within 500 m of your planned course. Multiply that height by 3.28 to convert it to feet. Round up to the next 50’, add 150’ for vegetation and clearance.
What are the actions at the Release Point?
Before landing check
Slow to 60 KIAS
Descend to contour altitude
(TLOW)
What part of an RT should you land to?
The last one-third
What part of an RT should you take off from?
Normally the first one-third to decrease the takeoff angle and the power required to clear obstacles.
What is the minimum and maximum altitude in the training area?
Minimum - 50’ AHO (excluding takeoff, landings, & NOE)
Maximum - 1400’ MSL
What is the required distance for a contingency plan?
3-8 km
What is the weight and balance class of the TH-67?
Class II. Means the weight and CG can easily be exceeded under normal loading configuration.
When must you do the arrival data on the PPC?
When temperature increases by 5 degrees.
When pressure altitude increases by 500’.
Weight increases by 100 pounds.
What is the second call to open up with HUB radio?
HUB, Callsign, TH-67, A/C #, # POB, Location, Destination.
What is the minimum altitude to fly over an RT and not have to make a call?
800’ MSL
What is the landing area reconnaissance prior to making an approach?
Tactical situation Suitability Long axis Obstacles Winds (TSLOW)
What distance should you use to avoid RTs?
1000 meters
When does the fuel check begin?
At the point of departure or when entering the mission profile. MOI defines it as the point you complete the hover power check.
What height should you use to overfly chicken houses and livestock?
500’ Slant range
What is the distance/altitude to avoid towns or built up areas?
Avoid by 1000 meters when below 1500’ AGL
What must you do 3 km prior to the corridor ACP?
Landing light - On
Radio call on corridor FM (state ID, Position, Altitude)
What does the LES mean when assessing your approach?
Loads
Environmental Condition
Surface Condition
(LES)
What are the North corridor altitudes inbound and outbound?
800’ MSL outbound and 1000’ MSL inbound
What is LTE?
The occurrence of an uncommanded and rapid right yaw rate which does not subside of its own accord and which if not quickly reacted to can result in loss of aircraft control.
What is the EP for LTE?
Simultaneously
1. Pedal - Full left
2. Cyclic - Forward
3. As recovery is affected, adjust controls for normal flight.
Caution - Collective reduction will aid in arresting yaw rate, but pilot must assess altitude available for recovery.
4. If spin cannot be stopped and crash is imminent, autorotation may be the best option. Maintain full left pedal until spin stops and adjust to maintain heading.
What are the contributing factors to LTE?
High Gross Weight
High Density Altitude
Low airspeed below ETL
Power Droop
Aircraft more susceptible to LTE during:
Right turns
Right downwind turns
Low altitude/airspeed
What are the LTE regions?
- Weathercock stability (120-240 degrees)
- Aircraft weathervanes into relative wind
- Slow uncommanded right and left yaws
- Right yaw may develop into LTE and requires immediate action. - Vortex ring state (210-330 degrees)
- Tail rotor thrust variations
- Uncommanded pitch, roll, yaw variations
- Precise heading control impossible
- High pilot work load - Disc vortex (280-330 degrees)
- 10-30 knot winds
- Main rotor vortices directed on to tail rotor
What is the LTE note?
Pilot must anticipate variations and concentrate on flying the aircraft and not allowing a yaw rate to build.
What is the minimum clearance for a bridge/tunnel/underpass?
4.3 meters
What are the last 3 switches turned off at shutdown?
Main Generator Switch
Anti-collision Light switch
BATT switch
What are the cautions for engine shutdown?
Hold throttle in closed position until N1 goes to zero and TOT is stabilizing.
Do not turn the BATT switch off or turn key off until N1 is zero and TOT is stabilized.
Which maneuvers require OGE power?
OGE hover check Terrain flight Terrain flight takeoff/approach/decal Max. performance takeoff Masking/unmasking Pinnacle/ridgeline operations Urban helipad operations Platform operations
When is an OGE hover check required?
Any time the aircraft controllability/power is in doubt.
What do you brief after refueling?
Amount of fuel
Cap secure
Grounding cable/hose removed
No leaks or drips
What is the 5484-R?
Mission schedule brief. AR 95-1 says we can use the flight manifest in place of the 5484.