Business Information Systems Flashcards
Operations Support Systems
Operations support systemsare generally used by managers at lower levels of the organization—those who run day-to-day business operations and make fairly routine decisions. They may be transaction processing systems, process control systems, or design and production systems.
Process Control Systems
Process control refers to the application of technology to monitor and control physical processes
Computer-aided design (CAD)
enables designers to test computer models digitally before moving new products into the prototype stage.
computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
systems that not only determine the steps needed to produce components but also instruct machines to do the necessary work.
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM), which integrates various operations (from design through manufacturing) with functional activities ranging from order taking to final shipment. The CIM system may also control industrial robots—computer-run machines that can perform repetitive or dangerous tasks. A CIM system
Executive Information Systems
Senior managers spend a good deal of their time planning and making major decisions. They set performance targets, determine whether they’re being met, and routinely scan the external environment for opportunities and threats. To accomplish these tasks, they need relevant, timely, easily understood information. Often, they can get it through an executive information system, which provides ready access to strategic information that’s customized to their needs and presented in a convenient format.
Management Support Systems
Mid- and upper-level managers rely on a variety of information systems to support decision-making activities, including management information systems, decision support systems, executive support systems, and expert systems.
Decision Support Systems
Decision Support Systems
A decision support system is an interactive system that collects, displays, and integrates data from multiple sources to help managers make nonroutine decisions. For example, suppose that a gaming company is considering a new casino in Pennsylvania (which has recently legalized slot machines). To decide whether it would be a wise business move
Expert systems
Expert systems are programs that mimic the judgment of experts by following sets of rules that experts would follow. They’re useful in such diverse areas as medical diagnosis, portfolio management, and credit assessment
Management Information Systems (MIS)
A management information system extracts data from a database to compile reports, such as sales analyses, inventory-level reports, and financial statements, to help managers make routine decisions.
transaction processing system,
transaction processing system, which receives input data and converts them into output—information—intended for various users
(IS)- Imformation Systems
(IS)
1st associating to the work
Later associated with configuration.
3 actions within IS
3 actions within IS
- capturing raw Data
- Processing raw data
- Output Transmission
(IT) Information Technologies
(IT) Information Technologies enables the
collection and acquisition, storing, processing,
delivery, presentation, and sharing of digital
content and other information
(ERP SYSTEMs)-Enterprise Resource Planning
(ERP SYSTEMs)-Enterprise Resource Planning
ERP systems include function-particular
constituents which are intended to intermingle
with the other modules, for example, the
Accounts Payable, Order Entry Purchasing,
Accounts Receivable, Distribution,
• Categorical data
• Categorical data: groups the facts into a category such as “new” or “used” or “for sale” or “not
for sale,” etc. (Pierce, 2017)
Continuous data
Continuous data reflects a range into which the values may fall. Optimal tire pressures may fall
anywhere between 30 PSI (pounds per square inch) and 33 PSI, including any fractional pressure
in between these values.
Discrete data
Discrete data can only be assigned a certain value, such as whole numbers. For example, there
are 32 students in the class, the hard drive can store eight Gigabytes, the test score was 89
percent.
Quantitative data
Quantitative data: facts which are presented as numbers such as test scores, number of
students in the class, number of words on a page, capacity of a hard drive. Quantitative data can
also be subdivided into discrete and continuous data.
• Qualitative data
• Qualitative data: descriptive data that includes such facts as color, texture, feel, description of
an experience, perceptions of strengths or weaknesses, etc. This is data to which numbers are
not normally assigned.
• Volume
• Volume: Organizations collect data from a variety of sources, including business transactions,
social media, and information from sensor or machine-to-machine data. In the past, storage
would have been an issue, but new technologies have helped.
• Velocity
• Velocity: Data streams into the data center at an unprecedented speed and must be dealt with
in a timely manner. RFID tags, sensors, and smart metering drive the need to deal with torrents
of data in near-real time.
Complexity
Complexity: Data comes from multiple sources, which makes it difficult to link, match, cleanse,
and transform data across systems. Connecting relationships, hierarchies, and multiple data
linkages is important.
Variability
Variability: In addition to the increasing velocities and varieties of data, data flows can be
inconsistent with periodic peaks. Is something trending in social media? Daily, seasonal, and
event-triggered peak data loads can be challenging to manage.
• Variety
• Variety: Data comes in all types of formats—from structured, numeric data in traditional
databases to unstructured text documents, email, video, audio, stock ticker data and financial
Data Resources:
Data Resources:
• Computer accessible databases of
data relating to their employees, customers, services, as well as further
essential trade info.
IS Resources
IS Resources: Human resources can
be termed as IS resources.
Info Products:
Info Products:
• Shows on employee and customer
networked computers which deliver
info about and upkeeps the delivery
Hardware Resources:
Hardware Resources:
• A huge number of computer server.
Other PCs that BellSouth and its consumers
need to be using software resources (
Network Resources:
Network Resources:
• Network support and communica-
tions media constituents which are
portion of the network resources that
BellSouth would requisite to back
the e-commerce and e-business ac-
tivities of this type of huge telecom
corporation.
(ICT)
(ICT) is
used in place of IT to identify the conjunction of conventional computer technologies and
telecoms.
The Role of Information Systems
The Role of Information Systems
Modern information systems use components to collect, store, organize, and share data throughout an
organization,
