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BUSINESS GENERAL Flashcards

1
Q

Employment Contract

A

Job Title
Job Description
Benefits
Leave
Hours of Work (Overtime)
Signature of Employee

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2
Q

next

Legal Req of Employment Contract

A

E+e must both sign contract.
Must include code of conduct & ethics.
E+e must agree to any changes to the contract.
No party can change aspects of the e.c.

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3
Q

Reasons for Terminating Employment Contract

A
  • e. decides to leave voluntarily & resign.
  • e. may have reached pre-d age for r
  • E. may retrench some e.s due to insolvency.
  • E. may d- e. for valid misconduct reasons.
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4
Q

Benefits of Induction

A
  • Increase QOP.
  • Allows new e. to settle in quickly & work efficiently.
  • Ensure that new e. understand rules in business.
  • New e. build relationships with fellow e.s at the office.
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5
Q

Purpose of Induction

A
  • Give new e. info on the layout of the office.
  • Familiarize new e. with Supervisors.
  • Make new e. feel welcome by introd- to physical workspace.
  • Allow new e. opps to ask questions.
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6
Q

Contribution of Purchasing Function

A
  • Buy raw materials in bulk
  • Good underst. of S-C management.
  • Ensure that there is no break in production due to stock shortages
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7
Q

Contribution of Market Function

A
  • Increasing market share
  • Constantly reviewing value issues
  • Using pricing techniqs to ensure comp-advantage
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8
Q

Contribution of Financial Function

A
  • Draw up accurate financial statements regularly
  • Obtain capital from the most reliable source
  • Analyze data to increase profits.
  • Accurately analyze and interpret financial info
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9
Q

TQM Elements

A
  • Total customer satisfaction
  • Continuous SD
  • Adequate FC
  • Continuous improvement to PS
  • Monitoring evalution of quality performance
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10
Q

Impact of continuous improvement to process systems

A

Positives
- Large biz have more resources to check quality parts in each biz function.
- Large biz have a team dedicated to improvement of P+S

Negatives
- Large scale manufacturing can complicate quality control.
- P+S take T+ effort to implement in large business.

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11
Q

Impact of total customer satisfaction.

A

Positives
- May lead to increased profitability.
- Continually promote a p+ company img.
- Large biz gain access to global market.

Negatives
- Not all e. may be committed to total C-S
- Monopolistic companies have an increased bargaining power, so they don’t have to please customers.

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12
Q

Application of the PDCA improving quality of products

A

Plan
- The biz must identify the problem.
- Plan the method & approach.

Do
- Biz must implement change on small scale.
- Implement the process & systems.

Check
- Check whether processes are working properly.
- Determine whether it made a difference.

Act
- Continuously revise the process.
- Devise strategy to continue improvement.

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13
Q

Technological Challenges and Recommendations

A

Challenges
- May not keep up with latest tech.
- May not be able to afford new tech

Recommendations
- Biz must be geared up for online trading.
- Compare prices for new equipment.

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14
Q

Environmental Challenges and Recommendations

A

Environmental Challenges
- Chemicals in biz may be harmful to customers.
- Measures to dispose of biz wastes.

Recommendations
- Implement recycling to prevent pollution.
- Use packaging that is recyclable.

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15
Q

Types of Integration Strategy

A

Forward integration
- Biz combines/becomes involved with or takes over its distribution.
- Expansion of biz activities.

Backward integration
- Aims at decreasing biz dependency on suppliers.
- Enables biz to cut costs and have influence over the prices.

Horizontal integration
- Biz takes control over other bizs in the same industry.
- Aim is to reduce the threat of competition.

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16
Q

Sources of Internal Recruitment

A
  • Word of mouth
  • Notice board
  • B.Z newsletter
  • Internal Emails
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17
Q

Impact of External Recruitment

A

Positives
- Larger pool of candidates
- New candidates bring new ideas to business
- May help business hit BBBEE targets

Negatives
- Info on CVs may not be reliable
- New candidates take longer to adjust to new work environment.

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18
Q

Sources of External Recruitment

A
  • Billboards
  • Networking
  • Walk-ins
  • Recruitment agencies
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19
Q

Contribution of Administration Function

A
  • Fast & Reliable data capturing processing systems
  • Use modern tech efficiently
  • Handle complaints quickly & effectively
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20
Q

Strategic management process

A
  • PESTLE analyse
  • Monitor strat to take corrective action
  • Formulate alt strat to respond to the challenges.
  • Review M&V statement
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21
Q

Steps in developing a strategy

A
  • Evaluation of Strat.
  • App of SWOT analysis.
  • Implement Strat using action plan.
  • Formulate Strat to meet objectives.
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22
Q

Power of buyers

A
  • buyers buying in bulk can bargain for prices in their favour.
  • biz must assess how easy it is for buyers to drive prices down.
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23
Q

Threat of substitutes

A
  • Power depended on how easy it is for new biz to enter market
  • Substi prod. might cause biz to lose its market share
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24
Q

Threat of Barriers

A
  • The Power will depend on how easy it is for new biz to enter market
  • If barriers are low then it is easy for new biz to enter market.
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25
Q

Salary Determination Methods

A

Piecemeal
- Workers are paid according to the number of items.
- Mostly used in factories in the tech industry.

Time related
- Workers are paid for the amount of time spent at work.
- Many private & public sector businesses use this method.

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26
Q

Impact of Fringe benefits

A

Positives
- Businesses save money as benefits are tax deductible.
- Can be used as leverage for salary negotiations.

Negatives
- Decrease biz profits because incentives are higher.
- Leads to corruption if fringe benefits aren’t allocated fairly.

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27
Q

Impact of Internal Recruitment

A

Positives
- Quicker to fill spots.
- Prvds opps for career paths within the biz.

Negatives
- e. who aren’t promoted may feel demotivated.
- May close door to new ideas from outsiders.

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28
Q

Advantages of Intensive Strategies

A
  • Gain loyal customers through effective promotion campaigns.
  • Biz have more ctrl over the prices of prod.
  • Improved service delivery may improve biz img.
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29
Q

Advantages of Diversification Strategies

A
  • Increase sales and biz growth.
  • Improve biz brand and img.
  • Reduce risk of relying on one product.
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30
Q

Role of SETAs

A
  • Allocate grants to employees.
  • Register learnership programs.
  • Promote and establish learnerships.
  • Report to the Director General.
  • Collect levies and payout grants.
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31
Q

Steps in Evaluating a Strategy

A
  1. Decide on desired outcome.
  2. Set specific dates for control and follow-ups.
  3. Examine underlying basis of business strategy.
  4. Draw up table of targets and methods of a strat.
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32
Q

Employment Contract

A

Job Title
Job Description
Benefits
Leave
Hrs of Work (Overtime)
Signature of e.
Level of Employment Contract
Both must sign contract
Must include code of conduct & ethics.
e. must agree to any changes to the contract
No party can change aspects of the employment contract

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33
Q

Reasons for Terminating Employment

A
  • Decides to leave voluntarily & resign
  • May have reached pre-det age for retirement
  • May retrench some e. due to insolvency
  • May dismiss e. for valid misconduct reasons
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34
Q

Purpose of Induction

A
  • Give new employee info on layout of office
  • Familiarize new employee with supervisors
  • Make new employee feel welcome by introduction to physical workspace
  • Allow new employee opportunities to ask questions
How well did you know this?
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35
Q

Benefits of Induction

A
  • Increase quality performance
  • Allows new e. to settle in quickly & work effectv
  • Ensure that new e. understand rules in business
  • New e. establish relationships with fellow e. at distance
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36
Q

Importance of Quality Circles as part of continuous improvement to Process & Systems

A
  • Reduce costs of redundancy in long run
  • Improves e. morale
  • Reduces wasteful efforts in long run
  • Greater harmony & high performance in the workplace
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37
Q

Impact of TQM if poorly implemented by business

A
  • Setting unrealistic deadlines that may not be achieved.
  • Decline in productivity, because of stoppages
  • Decline in sales as more goods are returned by unhappy customers
  • Biz img may suffer becoz poor quaity goods
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38
Q

Ways in which TQM can reduce the cost of Quality

A
  • Schedule activities to eliminate duplication of tasks
  • Work closely with suppliers to improve the quality of raw materials.
  • Share responsibility for quality output among management & workers.
  • Duplicate work systems that empower employees to find new ways of improving quality
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39
Q

Contribution of HR Function to Success of a business

A
  • Good relationship with employees
  • Low rate of staff turnover in business
  • Ensures a fair & equitable selection process
  • Makes sure that a good recruitment policy attracts best employees
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40
Q

Market Penetration

A
  • Growth strat where business focuses on selling existing products to existing markets.
  • New products penetrate the existing market at a low price until well known.
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41
Q

Types of Intensive Strategies

A

Market Penetration
Market Development
Product Development

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42
Q

Disinvestment

A
  • Biz may sell divisions.
  • Unproductive assets are sold to pay off debts.
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43
Q

Types of Defensive Strategies

A

Disinvestment
Retrenchment
Liquidation

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44
Q

Retrenchment

A
  • Decreasing number of product lines.
  • Terminating e.c. contracts due to operational reasons.
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45
Q

Liquidation

A
  • Selling the entire biz in order to pay all liabtys.
  • All assets are sold to pay creditors due to lack of capital.
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46
Q

Examples of Fringe Benefits

A
  • Medical Aid
  • Pension fund
  • Funeral Benefits
  • Bonus Shares
  • Staff discount
  • Car allowance
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47
Q

Quality Assurance

A
  • Carried out during the prod. process to ensure regulatory standards are met at every stage.
  • building in of q. as opposed to checking for q.
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48
Q

Quality Control

A
  • Inspection of final product to ensure it meets reqs.
  • Includes setting targets and taking corrective measures.
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49
Q

Quality Management

A
  • Tools used to design the quality of the product.
  • Can be used for recognition with each business function.
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50
Q

Quality Performance

A
  • Total perf of each dept measured against specified standards.
  • Can be obt’d if all depts work together towards some quality.
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51
Q

Advantages/benefits of a good Quality Management system

A
  • Biz goals may be achieved efficiently.
  • Time and resources may be optimized.
  • Biz has a competitive +adv over its competitors.
  • Improves biz morale as there are fewer rejections.
  • Productivity increases through high-quality resources.
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52
Q

Implications of the following BBBEE pillars for businesses.
-OWNERSHIP-

A
  • Biz should include black ppl in partnerships
  • Biz may find it difficult to find suitable black partners
  • More opps for black ppl to become owners
53
Q

Product Development

A
  • Biz generates new ideas & dvps new products.
  • Growth strat where biz aims to introduce new products into existing markets.
54
Q

Market Development

intensive strat

A
  • Growth strat where business aims to sell existing products in new markets.
  • Strat involves finding new markets & new ways to distribute products.
55
Q

Outline the role of SETAs in supporting the Skills Development Act.

A
  • Register learnership agreements.
  • Promote and establishes learnerships.
  • Report to the Director General.
56
Q

Explain the purpose of the National Skills Development Strategy.

A
  • Improves skills of public sector to improve service delivery.
  • It makes better use of workplace – based skills development.
  • Aims to address the low level of language and maths skills amongst the youth and adults.
57
Q

Suggest ways in which businesses can comply with the SDA.

A
  • Biz should register with the relevant SETAs
  • Prvd all e. with the opps to improve skills.
  • Employees who collect S-D-L should register with SARS.
58
Q

Impact of the SDA on businesses.

A

Positives
* Invest in education and training of workers.
* Encourages biz to improve skills of workers.
* Encourages workers to participate in learning
prgms

Negatives
* Implementation of the SDA can be difficult to
monitor and control.
* Increases cost as the process requires a large
amount of paperwork.
* S-D may not always address
training needs of employees

59
Q

BCEA PROVISIONS

A

-leave
-working time: overtime
-termination of employment
-rest periods
-sick pay

60
Q

Selection Procedure

A
  • Evaluate cv & create shortlist
  • Check cv info & contact ref
  • Conduct interview with shortlist candi
  • Offer emplyment in
    writing to selected candi
61
Q

Role of Interviewer BEFORE

A
  • Inform shortlist candi on date&place
  • Book&Prep venue
  • Ensure that all intervws take place same date
62
Q

Rights of employers according to LRA

A
  • Form and join E. orgs to rep interests.
  • Estbl and participate in barg. councils for collective agreements.
  • Lock out e. engaging in illegal strikes or actions.
  • Dismiss e. involved in unprotected strikes or misconduct.
  • Withhold pay from e. for work not done during strikes.
63
Q

Quality CTRL VS Quality Assure

A

Quality Control:
1. Ensures final product quality through inspection.
2. Verifies finished product meets required standards.
3. Focuses on consistent manufacturing to high standards.
4. Involves setting targets, measuring performance, and correcting issues.
5. Checks raw materials, processes, and workmanship for quality.

Quality Assurance:
1. Monitors quality during and after production.
2. Ensures standards are met at every process stage.
3. Aims to minimize defects and delays.
4. Focuses on getting it right the first time.
5. Builds quality into the process rather than just checking it.

64
Q

Integration Strats

A
  • Horizontal (aim to reduce competition)
  • Forward vertical (gain ctrl of distribution)
  • Backward vertical (decrease dependency on supplier)
65
Q

Piecemeal
- Workers are paid according to the number of items.
- Mostly used in factories in the tech industry.

Time related
- Workers are paid for the amount of time spent at work.
- Many private & public sector businesses use this method.

A

Salary Determination Methods

66
Q

Job Title
Job Description
Benefits
Leave
Hours of Work (Overtime)
Signature of Employee

A

Employment Contract

67
Q

E+e must both sign contract.
Must include code of conduct & ethics.
E+e must agree to any changes to the contract.
No party can change aspects of the e.c.

A

next

Legal Req of Employment Contract

68
Q
  • e. decides to leave voluntarily & resign.
  • e. may have reached pre-d age for r
  • E. may retrench some e.s due to insolvency.
  • E. may d- e. for valid misconduct reasons.
A

Reasons for Terminating Employment Contract

69
Q
  • Increase QOP.
  • Allows new e. to settle in quickly & work efficiently.
  • Ensure that new e. understand rules in business.
  • New e. build relationships with fellow e.s at the office.
A

Benefits of Induction

70
Q
  • Give new e. info on the layout of the office.
  • Familiarize new e. with Supervisors.
  • Make new e. feel welcome by introd- to physical workspace.
  • Allow new e. opps to ask questions.
A

Purpose of Induction

71
Q
  • Buy raw materials in bulk
  • Good underst. of S-C management.
  • Ensure that there is no break in production due to stock shortages
A

Contribution of Purchasing Function

72
Q
  • Increasing market share
  • Constantly reviewing value issues
  • Using pricing techniqs to ensure comp-advantage
A

Contribution of Market Function

73
Q
  • Draw up accurate financial statements regularly
  • Obtain capital from the most reliable source
  • Analyze data to increase profits.
  • Accurately analyze and interpret financial info
A

Contribution of Financial Function

74
Q
  • Total customer satisfaction
  • Continuous SD
  • Adequate FC
  • Continuous improvement to PS
  • Monitoring evalution of quality performance
A

TQM Elements

75
Q

Positives
- Large biz have more resources to check quality parts in each biz function.
- Large biz have a team dedicated to improvement of P+S

Negatives
- Large scale manufacturing can complicate quality control.
- P+S take T+ effort to implement in large business.

A

Impact of continuous improvement to process systems

76
Q

Positives
- May lead to increased profitability.
- Continually promote a p+ company img.
- Large biz gain access to global market.

Negatives
- Not all e. may be committed to total C-S
- Monopolistic companies have an increased bargaining power, so they don’t have to please customers.

A

Impact of total customer satisfaction.

77
Q

Plan
- The biz must identify the problem.
- Plan the method & approach.

Do
- Biz must implement change on small scale.
- Implement the process & systems.

Check
- Check whether processes are working properly.
- Determine whether it made a difference.

Act
- Continuously revise the process.
- Devise strategy to continue improvement.

A

Application of the PDCA improving quality of products

78
Q

Challenges
- May not keep up with latest tech.
- May not be able to afford new tech

Recommendations
- Biz must be geared up for online trading.
- Compare prices for new equipment.

A

Technological Challenges and Recommendations

79
Q

Environmental Challenges
- Chemicals in biz may be harmful to customers.
- Measures to dispose of biz wastes.

Recommendations
- Implement recycling to prevent pollution.
- Use packaging that is recyclable.

A

Environmental Challenges and Recommendations

80
Q

Forward integration
- Biz combines/becomes involved with or takes over its distribution.
- Expansion of biz activities.

Backward integration
- Aims at decreasing biz dependency on suppliers.
- Enables biz to cut costs and have influence over the prices.

Horizontal integration
- Biz takes control over other bizs in the same industry.
- Aim is to reduce the threat of competition.

A

Types of Integration Strategy

81
Q
  • Word of mouth
  • Notice board
  • B.Z newsletter
  • Internal Emails
A

Sources of Internal Recruitment

82
Q

Positives
- Larger pool of candidates
- New candidates bring new ideas to business
- May help business hit BBBEE targets

Negatives
- Info on CVs may not be reliable
- New candidates take longer to adjust to new work environment.

A

Impact of External Recruitment

83
Q
  • Billboards
  • Networking
  • Walk-ins
  • Recruitment agencies
A

Sources of External Recruitment

84
Q
  • Fast & Reliable data capturing processing systems
  • Use modern tech efficiently
  • Handle complaints quickly & effectively
A

Contribution of Administration Function

85
Q
  • PESTLE analyse
  • Monitor strat to take corrective action
  • Formulate alt strat to respond to the challenges.
  • Review M&V statement
A

Strategic management process

86
Q
  • Evaluation of Strat.
  • App of SWOT analysis.
  • Implement Strat using action plan.
  • Formulate Strat to meet objectives.
A

Steps in developing a strategy

87
Q
  • buyers buying in bulk can bargain for prices in their favour.
  • biz must assess how easy it is for buyers to drive prices down.
A

Power of buyers

88
Q
  • Power depended on how easy it is for new biz to enter market
  • Substi prod. might cause biz to lose its market share
A

Threat of substitutes

89
Q
  • The Power will depend on how easy it is for new biz to enter market
  • If barriers are low then it is easy for new biz to enter market.
A

Threat of Barriers

90
Q

Positives
- Businesses save money as benefits are tax deductible.
- Can be used as leverage for salary negotiations.

Negatives
- Decrease biz profits because incentives are higher.
- Leads to corruption if fringe benefits aren’t allocated fairly.

A

Impact of Fringe benefits

91
Q

Positives
- Quicker to fill spots.
- Prvds opps for career paths within the biz.

Negatives
- e. who aren’t promoted may feel demotivated.
- May close door to new ideas from outsiders.

A

Impact of Internal Recruitment

92
Q
  • Gain loyal customers through effective promotion campaigns.
  • Biz have more ctrl over the prices of prod.
  • Improved service delivery may improve biz img.
A

Advantages of Intensive Strategies

93
Q
  • Increase sales and biz growth.
  • Improve biz brand and img.
  • Reduce risk of relying on one product.
A

Advantages of Diversification Strategies

94
Q
  • Allocate grants to employees.
  • Register learnership programs.
  • Promote and establish learnerships.
  • Report to the Director General.
  • Collect levies and payout grants.
A

Role of SETAs

95
Q
  1. Decide on desired outcome.
  2. Set specific dates for control and follow-ups.
  3. Examine underlying basis of business strategy.
  4. Draw up table of targets and methods of a strat.
A

Steps in Evaluating a Strategy

96
Q

Job Title
Job Description
Benefits
Leave
Hrs of Work (Overtime)
Signature of e.
Level of Employment Contract
Both must sign contract
Must include code of conduct & ethics.
e. must agree to any changes to the contract
No party can change aspects of the employment contract

A

Employment Contract

97
Q
  • Decides to leave voluntarily & resign
  • May have reached pre-det age for retirement
  • May retrench some e. due to insolvency
  • May dismiss e. for valid misconduct reasons
A

Reasons for Terminating Employment

98
Q
  • Give new employee info on layout of office
  • Familiarize new employee with supervisors
  • Make new employee feel welcome by introduction to physical workspace
  • Allow new employee opportunities to ask questions
A

Purpose of Induction

99
Q
  • Increase quality performance
  • Allows new e. to settle in quickly & work effectv
  • Ensure that new e. understand rules in business
  • New e. establish relationships with fellow e. at distance
A

Benefits of Induction

100
Q
  • Reduce costs of redundancy in long run
  • Improves e. morale
  • Reduces wasteful efforts in long run
  • Greater harmony & high performance in the workplace
A

Importance of Quality Circles as part of continuous improvement to Process & Systems

101
Q
  • Setting unrealistic deadlines that may not be achieved.
  • Decline in productivity, because of stoppages
  • Decline in sales as more goods are returned by unhappy customers
  • Biz img may suffer becoz poor quaity goods
A

Impact of TQM if poorly implemented by business

102
Q
  • Schedule activities to eliminate duplication of tasks
  • Work closely with suppliers to improve the quality of raw materials.
  • Share responsibility for quality output among management & workers.
  • Duplicate work systems that empower employees to find new ways of improving quality
A

Ways in which TQM can reduce the cost of Quality

103
Q
  • Good relationship with employees
  • Low rate of staff turnover in business
  • Ensures a fair & equitable selection process
  • Makes sure that a good recruitment policy attracts best employees
A

Contribution of HR Function to Success of a business

104
Q
  • Growth strat where business focuses on selling existing products to existing markets.
  • New products penetrate the existing market at a low price until well known.
A

Market Penetration

105
Q

Market Penetration
Market Development
Product Development

A

Types of Intensive Strategies

106
Q
  • Biz may sell divisions.
  • Unproductive assets are sold to pay off debts.
A

Disinvestment

107
Q

Disinvestment
Retrenchment
Liquidation

A

Types of Defensive Strategies

108
Q
  • Decreasing number of product lines.
  • Terminating e.c. contracts due to operational reasons.
A

Retrenchment

109
Q
  • Selling the entire biz in order to pay all liabtys.
  • All assets are sold to pay creditors due to lack of capital.
A

Liquidation

110
Q
  • Medical Aid
  • Pension fund
  • Funeral Benefits
  • Bonus Shares
  • Staff discount
  • Car allowance
A

Examples of Fringe Benefits

111
Q
  • Carried out during the prod. process to ensure regulatory standards are met at every stage.
  • building in of q. as opposed to checking for q.
A

Quality Assurance

112
Q
  • Inspection of final product to ensure it meets reqs.
  • Includes setting targets and taking corrective measures.
A

Quality Control

113
Q
  • Tools used to design the quality of the product.
  • Can be used for recognition with each business function.
A

Quality Management

114
Q
  • Total perf of each dept measured against specified standards.
  • Can be obt’d if all depts work together towards some quality.
A

Quality Performance

115
Q
  • Biz goals may be achieved efficiently.
  • Time and resources may be optimized.
  • Biz has a competitive +adv over its competitors.
  • Improves biz morale as there are fewer rejections.
  • Productivity increases through high-quality resources.
A

Advantages/benefits of a good Quality Management system

116
Q
  • Biz should include black ppl in partnerships
  • Biz may find it difficult to find suitable black partners
  • More opps for black ppl to become owners
A

Implications of the following BBBEE pillars for businesses.
-OWNERSHIP-

117
Q
  • Biz generates new ideas & dvps new products.
  • Growth strat where biz aims to introduce new products into existing markets.
A

Product Development

118
Q
  • Growth strat where business aims to sell existing products in new markets.
  • Strat involves finding new markets & new ways to distribute products.
A

Market Development

intensive strat

119
Q
  • Register learnership agreements.
  • Promote and establishes learnerships.
  • Report to the Director General.
A

Outline the role of SETAs in supporting the Skills Development Act.

120
Q
  • Improves skills of public sector to improve service delivery.
  • It makes better use of workplace – based skills development.
  • Aims to address the low level of language and maths skills amongst the youth and adults.
A

Explain the purpose of the National Skills Development Strategy.

121
Q
  • Biz should register with the relevant SETAs
  • Prvd all e. with the opps to improve skills.
  • Employees who collect S-D-L should register with SARS.
A

Suggest ways in which businesses can comply with the SDA.

122
Q

Positives
* Invest in education and training of workers.
* Encourages biz to improve skills of workers.
* Encourages workers to participate in learning
prgms

Negatives
* Implementation of the SDA can be difficult to
monitor and control.
* Increases cost as the process requires a large
amount of paperwork.
* S-D may not always address
training needs of employees

A

Impact of the SDA on businesses.

123
Q

-leave
-working time: overtime
-termination of employment
-rest periods
-sick pay

A

BCEA PROVISIONS

124
Q
  • Evaluate cv & create shortlist
  • Check cv info & contact ref
  • Conduct interview with shortlist candi
  • Offer emplyment in
    writing to selected candi
A

Selection Procedure

125
Q
  • Inform shortlist candi on date&place
  • Book&Prep venue
  • Ensure that all intervws take place same date
A

Role of Interviewer BEFORE

126
Q
  • Form and join E. orgs to rep interests.
  • Estbl and participate in barg. councils for collective agreements.
  • Lock out e. engaging in illegal strikes or actions.
  • Dismiss e. involved in unprotected strikes or misconduct.
  • Withhold pay from e. for work not done during strikes.
A

Rights of employers according to LRA

127
Q

Quality Control:
1. Ensures final product quality through inspection.
2. Verifies finished product meets required standards.
3. Focuses on consistent manufacturing to high standards.
4. Involves setting targets, measuring performance, and correcting issues.
5. Checks raw materials, processes, and workmanship for quality.

Quality Assurance:
1. Monitors quality during and after production.
2. Ensures standards are met at every process stage.
3. Aims to minimize defects and delays.
4. Focuses on getting it right the first time.
5. Builds quality into the process rather than just checking it.

A

Quality CTRL VS Quality Assure

128
Q
  • Horizontal (aim to reduce competition)
  • Forward vertical (gain ctrl of distribution)
  • Backward vertical (decrease dependency on supplier)
A

Integration Strats

business paper 1 (2 decks)

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